【摘要】 [目的]开展适宜作物间作模式研究,提升农田生产力和资源利用效率。[方法]该研究以玉米和大豆单作为对照,对玉米/大豆间作群体水土利用特征进行研究。[结果]间作玉米条带耗水量从玉米拔节期后高于单作玉米,全生育期耗水量增加11.6 mm;间作大豆条带耗水量从齐苗后20 d之后低于单作大豆,全生育期耗水量减少28.2 mm。全生育期玉米/大豆间作群体耗水量较单作玉米减少3.6 mm,较单作大豆减少13.0 mm。间作玉米条带产量较单作玉米提高30.74%,水分利用效率提高6.57 kg/hm2/mm;但间作大豆条带产量较单作大豆降低9.44%,水分利用效率降低0.34 kg/hm2/mm。[结论]玉米/大豆间作可提高农田水土利用效率,土地当量比和水分当量比分别为1.11和1.12。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The aim was to study the suitable intercropping patterns, which could improve the productivity and the efficiency of resource utilization. [Method] Intercropping was an important technical way to optimize the agricultural planting structure in China. We studied the characteristics of soil and water use in maize-soybean intercropping and compared with the monoculture of maize and soybean. [Result] In this study,the water consumption of intercropping maize was higher than that of monoculture maize from the jointing stage of maize, and the total water consumption increased by 11.6 mm in the whole growth period. While the water consumption of intercropping soybean was lower than that of monoculture soybean from after 20 d of soybean seedling emergence, the total water consumption decreased by 28.2 mm in the whole growth period. The water consumption of the whole system of maize-soybean intercropping decreased 3.6 mm than monoculture maize and decreased 13.0 mm than monoculture soybean. Maize yield and water use efficiency of intercropping increased 30.74% and 6.57 kg/ha/mm respectively, compared with that of monoculture, while soybean yield and water use efficiency of intercropping decreased 9.44% and 0.34 kg/ha/mm respectively, compared with that of monoculture. The land equivalence ratio and water equivalence ratio of maize-soybean intercropping were 1.11 and 1.12 respectively. [Conclusion] Maize-soybean intercropping could improve the efficiecy of soil and water utilization, land equivalence ratio and water equivalence ratio were 1.11 and 1.12, respectively.更多还原