【摘要】 红枣去核机的去核机构主要通过凸轮驱动冲杆做上下往复直线运动,并利用压缩弹簧带动去核杆内的推核杆,实现红枣去核以及枣核分离。文章对机构中的关键部件凸轮、冲杆的结构进行设计,凸轮的轮廓曲线保证机构的运动行程,同时在去核杆上安装冲杆回复弹簧,以保证去核杆上的滚子与凸轮始终接触;为减小冲杆去核阻力以及红枣去核破碎率,冲杆采用空心结构,其头部采用切口处理,并在其内部设置推核杆,同时在两者之间添加压缩弹簧,利用弹簧力带动推核杆推出冲杆内的枣核,实现枣肉与枣核的分离作业。通过Adams软件对去核机构进行仿真分析,发现冲杆运动过程中其位移曲线较为平滑,仅存在轻微波动,速度曲线和加速度曲线同样存在波动,即机构运行中存在轻微冲击。通过改变弹簧的刚度系数K,得到冲杆多组加速度曲线,并确定弹簧刚度系数取值范围在1~5N/mm之间,此时机构整体运行平稳,满足设计要求。文中主要对红枣进行去核破碎率试验以及推核试验,结果表明,红枣去核破碎率低于5%,成品率在95%以上,将枣核推出去核冲杆所用的力最大不超过5N,故机构设计符合要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to separate the jujube meat and kernel,the kernel removing mechanism is mainly driven by the cam which doing up and down reciprocating linear motion,and the kernel pusher in kernel removing pole is driven by the compression spring.The designed cams profile curve can ensure the movement of travel agency,and plunger return-springs are installed on the kernel removing poles to ensure the constant contact between roller and cam.Hollow structure,cut-shaped header and installed kernel pusher are using in the plunger to reduce the kernel removing resistance and jujube crushing rate,and compression spring is added between the plunger and the pusher for removing the kernel.Virtual simulation analysis of this mechanism was carried out with Adams software,and the results show that displacement curve of plunger movement is smooth and has slight fluctuation,and fluctuations are existed in velocity curve and acceleration curve.Multiple sets of plunger acceleration curve were obtained by changing the spring stiffness coefficient K,and the whole mechanism was running smoothly at the range of Kfrom 1N/mm to 5N/mm.The results of jujube crushing rate test and pushing kernel experiment show that jujube crushing rate is less than 5%,rate of final products is more than 95% and the kernel thrust is less than 5N which can meet the requirements.更多还原