【摘要】 1943—1953年间,美国的社会科学研究理事会领导了美国地区研究创生运动。这一运动不仅致力于填补当时美国海外知识的空缺,而且着眼于对美国社会科学的总体改造,并饱含对美国文化和公共智识生活的关切和反思。美国的地区研究以"跨学科"和"全世界覆盖"为核心理念和目标,具有改造美国社会科学、对现有学术专业化格局予以深化和拓展的深远意图;而其推行和倡导的"跨文化理解"和"文化相对主义",则构成美国社会科学家和智识精英克服美国中心主义和西方文化偏狭性的自觉和重大努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the decade from 1943 through 1953,the Social Science Research Council led the founding movement of area studies in the United States.This movement was not only to address the problem of the shortage of expertise about the world,but also to realize an overall transformation of American social sciences amid concerns and reflections about American culture and public intellectual life.American areas studies took "interdisciplinarity"and "global coverage"as its core tenet and goal,which was expected to transform American social sciences and to deepen and expand the present state of academic professionalization.The "cross-cultural understanding"and "cultural relativism,"as advocated by the movement, constituted a major self-conscious endeavor by American social scientists and intellectual elites to countervail American ethnocentrism and Western cultural parochialism.更多还原