【摘要】 目的了解济南市蔬菜中农药残留含量分布特征,为制定蔬菜中农药污染控制措施提供依据。方法对济南市区主要超市、农贸市场等地点随机抽取8类共334份蔬菜样品,采用国家标准方法检测蔬菜中农药残留的含量,根据《中华人民共和国农药管理条例》、《农药安全使用规定》、GB2763-2014《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》以及国家明令禁止使用和限制使用农药公告《中华人民共和国农业部公告第199号》、《中华人民共和国农业部公告第194号》所规定的限量值进行判定,计算检出和超标状况,运用安全指数公式对其污染程度进行评价。结果蔬菜中农药残留项目检出率和超标率分别为29.94%(100/334)和5.99%(20/334),不同项目的检出率和超标率分别为有机磷8.38%(38/334)和3.29%(11/334),氨基甲酸酯类8.68%(29/334)和2.40%(8/334),拟除虫菊酯类9.58%(32/334)和0.30%(1/334)。运用食品安全指数法,有机磷类食品安全指数(IFS值)>氨基甲酸酯类>拟除虫菊酯类>1;叶菜类蔬菜食品安全指数(IFS值)>其他类蔬菜。结论有机磷项目风险最高,但IFS<1,风险程度可以接受;叶菜类蔬菜风险最高,IFS>1,受污染程度较大,风险较高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the distribution characteristic of pesticide residue contamination in vegetables and evaluate pollution situation of pesticide residue. Methods We measured organophosphorus, carbamate and pyrethroid pesticide items of vegetables from 2011 to 2014 in Jinan. According to the different project category and vegetable species,we evaluate the pollution degree of risk assessment using Food safety index method. Results The relevance rate and over standard rate of pesticide residues in vegetables were 29.94%(100/334)and 5.99%(20/334). The relevance rate and over standard rate in different pesticide residues were organophosphorus8.38%(38/334)and 3.29%(11/334); carbamates 8.68%(29/334)and2.40%(8/334); pyrethroid9.58%(32/334)and 0.30%(1/334). Using food safety index method, organophosphate class food safety index(IFS) > carbamate for > strain > 1; Leaf vegetables food safety index(IFS) > other vegetables.Conclusion By calculating the food safety index, organophosphate project is highest, the degree of risk is acceptable( IFS <1); Leaf vegetables are highest(IFS > 1), the polluted degree and risk exposure is much higher.更多还原