【摘要】 目的了解贵州省2014年流行性感冒(简称流感)流行情况及流感毒株的型别分布,为流感防治工作提供科学依据。方法搜集流感疫情资料、流感哨点医院流感样病例监测和病原学监测及暴发疫情资料,分析流感的三间分布情况以及流感病毒各亚型的活动情况。结果贵州省2014年共报告2 731例流感病例,报告发病率为6.49/10万。总体上是夏、冬季高发,但各地区发病高峰有所不同。各年龄组中10岁以下发病人数最多,占总发病人数的39.14%。男性发病人数高于女性,男女比例为1.31:1。职业分布以农民和散居儿童发病人数最多,占总发病人数的62.28%。2014年哨点医院门急诊ILI就诊比例为7.10%,共采集1 421份咽拭子标本,核酸检测阳性1 345份,阳性率为9.46%,甲型为优势毒株。结论流感病毒变异型强,易感人群广泛,应加强流感监测,预防流感疫情暴发。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand prevalence of influenza and distribution of influenza virus in Guizhou in 2014 and provide a scientific basis for influenza control. Methods The influenza cases reported in Chinese Disease Prevention and Control System,Influenza-Like Illness(ILI) from the sentinel hospitals and pathological data of Guizhou were collected in2014. The three-dimension distribution of influenza, as well as the change of influenza virus subtypes was analyzed.Results A total of 2731 cases of influenza were reported and the incidence rate was 6.49/lakh in Guizhou in 2014. The popular peak was in summer and winter in all, but different regions had different popular peaks. The most of patients aged0-9 years old, accounting for 39.14% of total cases. The number of male was greater than that of female and the male-tofemale ratio was 1.31:1. The occupational distribution showed that the farmers and students accounted for 62.28% of total cases in 2014. The out-patient visit rate of ILI was 7.10%. A total of 14 221 swab samples were collected and 1345 of them were influenza positive with the detection rate of 9.46% the predominant influenza virus strain is type A.Conclusion Influenza virus variant is strong and susceptible to a wide range of people. Influenza surveillance should be strengthened to prevent the outbreak of influenza.更多还原