【摘要】 为了了解区域农业干旱状况,指导灌区适时适量灌水,将信息化技术与水量平衡模型结合起来,利用ArcGIS软件,对区域土壤相对含水率进行了模拟与研究,并绘制区域旱情趋势图,将模型中涉及的各个影响因素的确定方法应用于整个模型当中,并在陕西省眉县石头河灌区进行了运用,同时以灌区内某一支渠控制面积的TDR所测数据作为验证。结果表明,Hargreaves公式在4—10月高温季节日尺度计算上结果偏大,Priestley-Taylor公式日值计算的结果与彭曼-蒙特斯公式最为接近,可以作为研究区域日尺度的腾发量计算,彭曼(1956)与修正的彭曼(1979)公式计算结果在趋势上与彭曼公式保持一致,但是值偏大;通过地下水补给量与地下水埋深的历史资料建立了经验数学关系模型,进而获得研究区域地下水对作物的补给量;对比TDR水分传感器的实测土壤含水率数据证明应用水量平衡模型分析灌区旱情是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand the agricultural drought status of the irrigation district and provide a guidance of timely proper amount irrigation, the information technology and the water balance model were combined, and ArcGIS software was used to simulate and research the regional soil water content, and draw the tendency chart of regional drought. The determination methods of various influencing factors were applied in the model, and the model was used in the stone river irrigation area in Shaanxi province, and the measured datum of a lateral canal control area of irrigation district by TRD were used as the validation datum. The results showed that, on the daily scale calculation, Hargreaves formula was not suitable for the region evapotranspiration calculation of April-October, because of its larger values; The calculation results of Taylor method and the Penmen-Monteith method drew near to each other, and the results of Penman(1956) and Modified Penmen(1979) method were consistent with the Penmen- Monteith method on the trend, but their value were larger. The experience mathematical relationship model was established by the history datum of increment of ground water and groundwater depth in order to access the recharge that groundwater provided. Compared with TDR measured datum, it was proved that the water balance model was feasible to analyze regional drought.更多还原