【摘要】 纺织芯吸模型是从毛细管系统到宏观芯吸行为的桥梁,针对芯吸模型繁杂多样的现状,对现有模型进行分类综述。在阐述纺织品芯吸性能测试方法及影响因素基础上,根据建模原理将现有芯吸模型分为毛细管力模型、压力/压强模型、能量模型3类,分析了各类模型的建模条件、理论基础和适应范围,预测了芯吸建模研究的发展方向。研究得出:基于受力平衡的毛细管力模型因其简化的毛细管模型与实际毛细系统的层次性及复杂性仍有较大距离,推广受限;压力/压强模型基于Washburn方程分析毛细管系统内的压力、压强差,结合Laplace方程及Poiseuille定律计算流体在系统中的流量、流速和距离,该模型对纱、织物进行整体考虑,以结构参数的经验值作为其代表量,因而灵活性高适应面广;能量模型基于能量守恒对芯吸中的能量转化进行分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Textile wicking models perform the bridge connecting the capillary system with the macroscopic textile wicking behavior. Presently,quite a lot of textile wicking models exist,and their theoretical basis and application range are varied and puzzling to most people. Thus,existing models were classified and reviewed. The testing methods and influencing factors of textile wicking properties were primarily summarized,and then textile wicking models were classified into three groups according to their basic principles. For each group,the assumed condition,theoretical principle,and applied range were discussed. Firstly, the capillary-force based models were built up based on the opinion of macroscopic force balance,whereas the idealized capillary model performed far away from the realistic capillary system that are commonly hierarchical and complex,thus application of capillary-force based models was limited so far. Secondly,the pressure based models were built based on the Washburn equation and generally to analyze the pressure and pressure difference combined with the Laplace equation and Poiseuille law. The pressure based models were usually used to predict the flow,velocity of flow,and distance of the fluid through textile structures. Yarn and fabric were usually considered as one unit in the pressure based models,and empirical data of the structural parameters were adopted as representatives of corresponding structures. Hence the pressure based models could be modified to be suitable for more kinds of textiles. Thirdly,the energy based models were built based on the principle of conservation of energy and were usually used to analyze the degree of energy conversion during a wicking process. Finally,the development directions of studies on textile wicking modeling were predicted.更多还原