【摘要】 目的 了解流动人口肺结核患者防治知识、态度、行为及健康服务需求情况,为建立规范流动人口结核病健康管理服务模式提供依据。方法 采用随机数字表法收集2015年9月至2016年1月在广州市胸科医院门诊确诊登记并接受治疗的198例流动人口肺结核患者,对其结核病知识知晓率、态度、行为和健康服务需求情况进行面访式的问卷调查,分析流动人口患者结核病防治相关知识、态度、行为及健康服务需求等情况。本次调查共发放问卷198份,回收有效问卷198份,有效问卷回收率100%。结果 198例流动人口肺结核患者结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为65.56%(649/990),5条核心信息全部知晓率为14.14%(28/198)。患者对“肺结核是一种严重危害人民健康的慢性呼吸道传染病”的知晓率较高,为90.91%(180/198);对“只要坚持正规治疗,绝大多数肺结核患者是可以治愈的”的知晓率较低,为39.90%(79/198)。流动人口对肺结核防治态度知晓率最高的是“规则服药对肺结核治疗很重要”,为86.87%(172/198);其次为“定期复查的重要性”,为79.29%(157/198);而“肺结核患者在治疗期间应该保持良好情绪非常重要”仅为41.41%(82/198)。患者能做到按时取药者占71.72%(142/198),定期复诊者占34.85%(69/198),遵医嘱服药者占39.39%(78/198)。流动人口肺结核患者健康服务需求在前6位的是:健康教育[91.41%(181/198)]、重视病情变化[90.40%(179/198)]、疾病预防[87.88%(174/198)]、与医护人员沟通[85.86%(170/198)]、得到他人理解支持[83.84%(166/198)]、心理疏导[80.81%(160/198)];需求较低的为就近服药点[31.31%(62/198)]、督导治疗[25.25%(50/198)]、定期家庭督导访视及电话访视[34.34%(68/198)]。结论 流动人口肺结核病患者对结核病防治知识核心信息、态度及行为水平有待提高;对结核病健康服务的需求相当普遍,以不同特征患者的健康服务需求为导向,采取健康管理服务模式,有利于患者规范化管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To assess the knowledge,attitude,practice(KAP)and health service requirements on tuberculosis patients in floating population,in order to provide evidence for construction of tuberculosis health service regulation in floating population. Methods Using method of random digits table,we collect 198 tuberculosis patients in floating population,who have registered and received treatment in Guangzhou Chest Hospital between September,2015 and January,2016.We distributed questionnaires about the KAP and health service requirement to the patients based on on-site interview,and analyze the results for tuberculosis patients in floating population.Total of 198 questionnaires were distributed and 198 effective questionnaires were returned and valid.The effective questionnaire return rate was 100%. Results The total knowledge rate for core information of tuberculosis prevention and control was 65.56%(649/990)from the 198 subjects.The knowledge rate of all 5 core information was14.14%(28/198).The patients’ knowledge of“tuberculosis was a chronic respiratory infectious disease that seriously harms people’s health”was as high as 90.91%(180/198).The knowledge of“tuberculosis could be cured if adhere to regular treatment”was a little low as 39.90%(79/198).The highest knowledge rate for tuberculosis prevention and control comed from “Regular medication is important to tuberculosis treatment”and was 86.87%(172/198).The second highest knowledge rate comed from “importance of periodic review”and reached 79.29%(157/198).The knowledge rate for“It is very important that tuberculosis patients should maintain good mood during treatment”was only 41.41%(82/198).The tuberculosis patient rate was 71.72%(142/198)for on-time medicine pickup,34.85%(69/198)for regular periodic review,and 39.39%(78/198)for taking medicine on prescription.The top 6 health service requirements from tuberculosis patients in floating population were:health education(91.41%,181/198),attention to condition changes(90.40%,179/198),disease prevention(87.88%,174/198),communication to health care provider(85.86%,170/198),acquire understanding and support from other people(83.84%,166/198)and Psychological counseling(80.81%,160/198).The lower requirements are:nearby medicine pickup site(31.31%,62/198),supervised therapy(25.25%,50/198),regular family visit or phone interview(34.34%,68/198). Conclusion There is still room of improvement for the KAP of tuberculosis prevention and control for tuberculosis patients in floating population.The requirement of tuberculosis health service is very common.It would be beneficial to the standardized patients regulation if we implement the health regulation service mode based on health service requirements from patients with different characterizations.更多还原