【摘要】 目的 了解浙江省公众对肺结核早期临床症状的认知情况,揭示可能的影响因素,为更好地开展结核病健康促进工作提供理论依据。方法 2014年4—9月,采用分层随机抽样的方法,从浙江省11个地市中选择6600名有本地户籍或在当地居住超过6个月的流动人口作为研究对象,采用统一设计的问卷通过调查的方式对肺结核临床症状的认知情况及影响因素进行分析。共发放问卷6600份,回收6599份,最终有效问卷6532份。问卷内容包括年龄、职业、性别、文化程度、家庭人口、年家庭收入等社会人口学信息等。采用logistic回归分析对影响因素进行分析,以α=0.05作为检验水准。结果浙江省公众对肺结核8项常见症状总的认知率为27.4%(14 160/51 605)。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,与文盲者相比,小学、初中、高中、大学均与肺结核症状的认知程度有关联,OR值(95%CI值)分别为1.41(1.04～1.92)、2.09(1.53～2.86)、2.81(1.95～4.06)、3.94(2.52～6.14);与农民相比,医务人员、教师和专业技术人员等职业也是影响认知水平改善的促进因素,OR值(95%CI值)分别为9.02(5.02～16.20)、2.24(1.16～4.32)和1.42(1.01～1.99)。与人均年收入<1.5万元者相比,人均年收入≥1.5万元是认知程度改善的促进因素(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.18～1.62);就信息的来源和获取方式而言,主动学习、广播、报纸或杂志、电影或电视、传单或折页、网络、听说、学校都是对肺结核症状认知改善的促进因素,OR值(95%CI值)分别为1.94(1.59～2.37)、1.28(1.04～1.58)、2.15(1.80～2.58)、1.73(1.41～2.12)、2.04(1.73～2.40)、1.92(1.52～2.43)、1.91(1.62～2.24)、1.42(1.05～1.92)。结论 浙江省公众对肺结核常见症状的认知水平相对较低,职业、文化程度、收入和信息的来源与途径等会对该认知程度产生影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The study aims to understand public awareness level on tuberculosis clinical symptom knowledge in Zhejiang province,find out potential influencing factors and provide instructions to tuberculosis health education. Methods Stratified and randomized sampling method was adopted and 6600 subjects were selected from 11 counties in Zhejiang province.Awareness of the selected subjects on common tuberculosis clinical symptoms was assessed by a unified questionnaire.Six thousand and six hundred sets of questionnaires were issued out,and6599 were returned with 6532 valid.The content of questionnaire includes age,occupation,gender,culture level,household members,and annual family income.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors withα=0.05 as the test standards. Results Total public awareness rate on tuberculosis knowledge was27.4%(14 160/51 605)in Zhejiang.Logistic regression revealed that compared with the illiterate persons,those ever received elementary school(OR=1.41,95%CI:1.04-1.92),junior high school(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.53-2.86),senior high school(OR=2.81,95%CI:1.95-4.06)and college education(OR=3.94,95%CI:2.52-6.14)were associated with improved awareness to tuberculosis clinical symptom knowledge.Among different professional groups,medical(OR=9.02,95%CI:5.02-16.20)and educational(OR=2.24,95%CI:1.16-4.32)and professionals &technical groups(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.01-1.99)were associated with increased awareness level.Compared with the per capita annual income of less than 15 000 yuan,with a per capita income of more than15 000 yuan was contributing factor in cognitive improvement(OR=1.38,95%CI=1.18-1.62);In addition,those ever acquired tuberculosis knowledge by studying actively(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.59-2.37),listening to radio(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.04-1.58),reading paper or magazine(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.80-2.58),reading leaflet(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.41-2.12),watching TV or seeing movie(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.73-2.40),internet(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.52-2.43),being told by others(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.62-2.24)and studying in school(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.05-1.92)were all associated improved awareness level. Conclusion The public awareness level in Zhejiang province on tuberculosis clinical symptom knowledge remained low.The education status,some occupation types and the tuberculosis knowledge source or communication media are factors contributing for the improved awareness level.更多还原