Objective To determine ATPase inhibitory factor 1(IF1) expression in normal and pathological tissue of female reproductive system to better understand the physiological role of IF1 in malignancies of the female reproductive system.Methods Surgical specimens of normal tissues and primary malignant tumors were obtained during the past 2 years,including 38 normal endometrium tissues, 33 endometriosis tissues, 30 endometrial adenocarcinoma tissues, 24 uterine myoideum tissues, 30 uterine fibroid tissues, 18 nor...