【摘要】 快速城市化中,土地增值收益的分配关乎社会公平,于包容性发展至关重要。对我国土地制度改革的既有研究偏向宏观的理论探讨,对现实中不同土地制度类型和相应的公平结果研究不足。此外,社会公平的讨论多以城市社会为背景,对因乡村自治非农发展而形成的半城市地带的地租分配、乡乡公平状况关注不够。通过深度研究南海,这一集体土地资本化的典型,发现,其集体土地的经济属性历经了生产资料、非正式资产、正式资产和资本化,这四个阶段。非正式资产下,地租区位级差尽归村庄(民),拉大了城郊与远域乡村间在集体和居民收入上的差距,也使村民与外乡人间的收入悬殊。存量改造中的土地资本化凸显地租级差,进一步扩大差距。为提升包容性,政府应增强对土地增值收益的再分配能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Distribution of land value appreciation during rapid urbanization has great impact on social equality,and thus is important for inclusivity. In contrast to the large number of theoretical discussions over land institution reform at macro level,researches focusing on locality-based land institutions and related social equity are insufficient. Besides,relative to much focus on urban social equality,researches over village-based inequalities during village-led urbanization are seldom. This paper explores such inequality in Nanhai which is typical of marketization reform of collectively-owned land in terms of entitling villages land rights. It is found that rural land evolves from a means of production,to informal economic asset,and then to be formalized and capable of capitalization. During rural industrialization driven by land leasing,land rents are completely captured by villages and villagers. This leads to the inequality in both collective and household income between central villages and remote ones,so as to that between local villagers and migrants.Capitalization of built-up land with village regeneration further increases land rent differential which is also almost captured by villages,and thus enlarges the above mentioned income gaps. Therefore,government should empower its capability of redistribution of land rents to promote inclusive urbanization.更多还原