【摘要】 以天然海泥（BMFC-0）、添加尿素的海泥（BMFC-1）和添加乳酸的海泥（BMFC-2）构建海底沉积物微生物燃料电池（BMFCs）,研究外源添加营养物质对BMFCs电池性能及电极电化学性能的影响。结果表明,尿素和乳酸这两种营养物质明显影响海泥中微生物的数量和电化学性能;计数结果表明,BMFC-2中的细菌数量最多,约为1.08×10¹¹cfu/m²,分别是BMFC-1和BMFC-0的2.97倍和13.5倍。Tafel测试结果表明,BMFC-2阳极生物膜电化学活性高于BMFC-1和BMFC-0;BMFC-1和BMFC-2的阳极电子交换动力学活性分别是BMFC-0的1.30倍和1.63倍。通路状态下,BMFC-2的输出电压最大（约520 mV）,BMFC-0的输出电压最低（约175 mV）;BMFC-2的最大输出功率密度为96.57 mW·m^-2,分别是BMFC-0(10.94 mW·m^-2)和BMFC-1(51.57 mW·m^-2)的8.83倍和1.87倍。根据外源营养物质对阳极表面生物膜电容特性影响的分析,提出了外源营养物提高电池性能的模型,阴极表面细菌数量增多,代谢产生的电子数量增加,生物膜增厚,生物模电容和双电层电容增大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Natural sea mud（BMFC-0）,sediment enriched with exogenous urea（BMFC-1） and exogenous lactic acid（BMFC-2） are taken as three types of marine benthonic sediment microbial fuel cells（BMFCs）,and the impacts of the exogenous nutrients on the performance of the BMFCs and electrochemical performonce of electrodes have been investigated. Results indicate that urea and lactic acid obviously influence the number of bacteria in the sediment and the electrochemical performance. The BMFC-2 has the largest amount of bacteria(about 1. 08 × 10¹¹ cfu/m²),which is 2. 97 and 13. 5 times of those in BMFC-1 and BMFC-0,respectively. Tafel curves show that the electrochemical activity in BMFC-2 anode biofilm is higher than those of BMFC-1 and BMFC-0; the electron transfer activities of the anode in the BMFC-1 and BMFC-2 are respectively 1. 30 and 1. 63 times of that in BMFC-0. In the closed circuit,output voltage of BMFC-2 is the highest,about 520 mV,and that of BMFC-0 is the lowest,about 175 mV; the maximum output power density of BMFC-2 is 96. 57 mW·m^-2,8. 83 and 1. 87 times of those of BMFC-0(10. 94 mW·m^-2) and BMFC-1(51. 57 mW·m^-2),respectively. Based on the anodic biofilm capacity property,a novel model is presented to explain the effect of exogenous nutrients on the electrochemical performance of cells; as the number of bateria on the anodic surface increases,electrons produced by metabolizing increases,the biofilm becomes thicker,and the capacitance of biofilms and the electric double-layer capacitance increase.更多还原