【摘要】 目的在挤出工艺条件下,以废纸纤维和农作物秸秆为主要原料制备生物质包装材料,研究影响其试样力学性能的主要因素并确定较优配方。方法在废纸和农作物秸秆原料中加入一定量的淀粉、甘油、PVA,经搅拌混合均匀后,通过单螺杆挤出机连续挤出,以实现环保生物质包装材料的连续生产。在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交实验探讨秸秆含量、淀粉含量、PVA含量、甘油含量对材料力学性能的影响。结果在85℃下水浴加热15 min时,混合物料和淀粉之间具有良好的相容性。试样抗压性能的影响因素及主次顺序为淀粉含量>PVA含量>基材比例>甘油含量,试样抗弯性能的影响因素及主次顺序为淀粉含量>基材比例>PVA含量>甘油含量。结论物料分散的均匀性和粘度是以废纸、农作物秸秆为主要原料通过挤出法制备生物质包装材料的关键。当基材比例(秸秆与废纸的质量比)为2︰3,PVA质量分数为2.5%,淀粉质量分数为9%,甘油质量分数为5%时,可获得较优的力学性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 This work prepares biomass packaging material with wastepaper fiber and crop straw as the main raw material based on extrusion processing,studies the main factors that affect the mechanical properties of the samples and recommends the optimal formula.Wastepaper fiber and crop straw were used as the main raw material in this article,and the raw material was stirred and mixed with a certain amount of starch,glycerin and PVA.And then the biomass packaging material was made through extrusion processing in order to realize the continuous production of the environmental protection packaging materials.On the basis of single factor experiment,how the mechanical behavior of materials was influenced by the ratio of base material,starch content,the content of PVA and the glycerol content was investigated by the orthogonal experiment.The results showed that the starch had good compatibility between wastepaper fiber and crop straw after 15 min water heating under the condition of 85 ℃.The degree of the four factors’ impact on the compressive properties was:starch content > PVA content > the ratio of base material > glycerol content.The degree of the four factors’ impact on the flexural behavior was:starch content > the ratio of base material > PVA content > glycerol content.In conclusion,the production of biomass packaging materials through extrusion processing depends on dispersible uniformity and viscosity of the mixing materials,which use the wastepaper fiber and crop straw as the main raw material.The mechanical properties are better when the ratio of base material is 2︰3(mass ratio),PVA 2.5%,starch 9%,and glycerin 5%.更多还原