【摘要】 重金属污染是目前最主要的水环境问题之一。由于水体中的重金属迁移转化过程复杂,加之当前我国重金属污染形势严峻,以及重金属监测数据缺乏,相关的重金属模型在准确模拟重金属浓度变化方面存在一定的局限性。通过对一维河道水质模型(QUAL2Kw)进行改进,嵌入重金属模拟模块,并将其应用于刁江的水质模拟中,同时实现了河道常规水质指标和重金属指标的模拟。在此基础上,运用遗传算法率定模型参数,并进行了模型验证。结果表明,改进的QUAL2Kw模型能够较好地模拟实际水质状况,模拟结果显示,北京屯支流对刁江干流总氮、总磷及重金属锌、铅、镉浓度的影响较大。这一研究结果有利于准确评估重金属污染状况与其他水质指标的相关性,为水环境管理部门预测重金属污染风险及制定水污染治理措施提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study is aimed at accurately predicting the concentration of heavy metals in the aquarium environment via an improved one-dimensional water quality model( the QUAL2 Kw model). As is known,heavy mental pollution has actually been becoming a research focus for a number of years,especially,by using water quality model as one of the main methods of such heavy metal pollution research. Nevertheless,a secret has remained on the complexity of the migrate process of heavy metals in the water bodies,in addition to the ever getting more and more serious situation for the time being due to the scarcity of the data of heavy metals under monitoring. For the purpose of the research,we have taken Diaojiang River near Hechi City,Guangxi,as a case study sample. For the aim of this study,we have made efforts in improving the so-called one-dimensional water quality model via an embedding heavy metal simulation module. And,then,we have managed to apply the improved QUAL2 Kw model to the case of the River to simulate the water quality. The results of our application of the improved QUAL2 Kw model have enabled us to simulate the indicators of the regular river water quality as well as those of the heavy metal pollutants simultaneously. And,subsequently,we have calibrated the parameters of the improved QUAL2 Kw model with the genetic algorithm so as to validate the model based on the parameter sets. The results of our simulation indicate that the improved QUAL2 Kw model is in a position to simulate the status-in-situ of the river water quality in a better way. At the same time,the simulation results also manifest that the Beijingtun tributary has also greatly affected the concentration of the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus along with the heavy metal pollutants,such as those of lead,zinc and cadmium,etc.Thus,the results of our simulated research help us to conclude that this project is beneficial for assessing the relation between heavy metals pollution and the other factors affecting the water quality accurately,and can in turn provide a scientific reference to the water quality management to predict and prevent heavy metal pollution risks in an effective way.更多还原