【摘要】 土壤环境质量评价是土壤污染防治和管理的重要依据。采用"压力-状态-响应"(PSR)模型框架,构建了包含10个一级指标、20个二级指标的土壤环境质量综合评价指标体系。结合国际、中国、地方、行业标准及相关研究基础对指标进行标准化赋值,建立了各评价指标的分级标准体系。以天津某石化产业集聚区为例进行了土壤环境质量综合评估。结果表明:该区域2009年土壤环境质量综合指数为0.59,属警戒状态;处于较差状态的一级指标主要有污染物排放强度(0.48)、综合潜在生态污染指数(0.66)、人体健康风险指数(0.2)、管理水平(0.36)。这表明土壤环境面临的压力主要来自污染物排放,尤其是有机污染物排放量较大;土壤污染对人体健康和生态造成了一定程度的风险,镉、汞、砷、铅需重点管控;土壤污染的响应措施效果一般,是未来提升的重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper intends to make a soil environmental quality assessment in the congregated area of the petrochemical enterprises based on the PSR( pressure-state-response) model,which has been established on the basis of current research results and their major disadvantages of the soil environmental quality assessment in which10 primary indicators and 20 secondary indicators are included. The said indicators are inclined to reflect not only the state of the soil environment quality,but also the external pressure and response to the quality from the society. To make this indicating system more concise and clear-cut,we have introduced eight key indicators in detail and defined their weights by means of Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process. In doing so,we have also built up the rating standards for the assessment indicators in accordance with the domestic and international standards in reference to the related research standards and the International Statistical Yearbooks. In order to prove the feasibility of the method we have adopted,we have taken the congregated area of the petrochemical industrial companies in Tianjin as our case study sample. The results of our investigation show that:( 1) The soil environmental quality index of the petrochemical industrial agglomeration area in 2009 turns to be 0. 59,which can be regarded as an alert state;( 2) The pressure indicator stands as 0. 61,with its pollutant discharge intensity being great,which has to be classified into the aggressive one in poor condition,that is,0. 48;( 3) The state indicator stands as 0. 56,with its human health risk index is 0. 2 and being serious;( 4) The response indicator stands as 0. 63,with its management level index is 0. 36 and being poor; The above results illustrate that the soil environment pressure mainly comes from the pollutants or contaminants discharge,especially,the discharge of the organic ones. Some heavy metals in the soil in the area under investigation may cause a certain degree of risk on the human health and ecosystems,especially the contents of cadmium,mercury,arsenic,and lead,which are needed to be put under the strict control. Therefore,it can be concluded that the efficiency of the response measures to the soil pollution cannot be regarded as being intensive,which leaves much room to be promoted in the future.更多还原