【摘要】 目的分析南宁市近4年人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)职业暴露情况及处理结果,完善发生职业暴露后的处理措施。方法对南宁市2011—2014年由于职业原因引起的HIV暴露案例进行统计分析。结果 2011—2014年南宁市共发生职业暴露249人,包括医护人员235人(94.4%)和公安司法人员14人(5.6%);暴露方式主要包括针刺或割伤195例(78.3%)、破损皮肤或黏膜接触48例(19.3%),抓咬伤6例(2.4%)。184人(73.9%)实施暴露后预防(PEP)用药,167人采用基本用药程序、17人采用强化用药程序进行干预治疗。在184人中暴露源不明74人,占40.2%;轻度63人,占34.3%;重度47人,占25.5%。经应急处理或预防用药后,所有暴露者经随访未发现HIV抗体阳转。结论 HIV职业暴露后采取规范的处理措施可降低感染HIV的风险。发生职业暴露后应尽快对暴露源进行检测,降低暴露源不明所占比例,以避免不必要的预防服药引起的不良反应。更多还原

【Abstract】 [ Objective] To analyze the occupational exposure situation and treating results of HIV in Nanning from 2011-2014,and improve the treatment measure after occupational exposure.[ Methods] The HIV exposed cases induced by occupation in Nanning from 2011-2014 were analyzed.[ Results] A total of 249 HIV occupational exposure cases were reported from 2011-2014 in Nanning, including 235(94.4%) medical workers and 14(5.6%) policemen and judicial officers. The exposure ways were195 cases of puncture or cut(78.3%), 48 cases of broken skin or mucosa exposure(19.3%), and 6 cases of bite or scratch(2.4%). 184cases(73.9%) accepted post exposure prophylaxis(PEP), among 167 cases accepted basic medication process and 17 cases accepted strengthened medication process. Among 184 cases, the exposure source of 74 cases(40.2%) was unknown, 63 cases(34.3%) were mild, and 47 cases(25.5%) were severe. After emergent dispose or PEP, HIV seroconversion was not found in any occupational exposure cases.[ Conclusion] Standard dispose measures after HIV occupational exposure can decrease the risk of HIV infection. After the occupational exposure occurred, the exposure source should be detected as soon as possible, reduce the proportion of unknown exposure source, avoid the side effect of unnecessary medicine prophylaxis.更多还原