【摘要】 目的了解西安市大骨节病病区居民饮食行为情况,为大骨节病防治研究和健康教育干预提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样法,用自行设计的问卷对903名居民进行自填式调查。结果病区居民主食主要是当地小麦(98.23%)、当地玉米(88.15%)。病区居民坚持食用大米及富硒食物的行为率仅为28.63%和27.36%。大骨节病患者坚持食用大米及富硒食物的行为率(18.81%、21.78%)低于非患者(31.47%、28.98%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.294、4.084,P<0.05)。病区居民副食主要为蔬菜(94.24%),鱼类仅为3.77%。大骨节病患者食用新鲜水果、猪牛羊肉、奶类、鱼类的比例低于非患者,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.758、23.958、6.329、5.640,均P<0.05);重病区居民食用新鲜水果、猪牛羊肉、奶类、家禽类的比例低于中轻病区(χ2=20.617、28.700、59.720、28.540,均P<0.05)。病区居民有25.25%和13.95%的居民经常食用剩饭及发霉的粮食,其中大骨节病患者经常食用的行为率高于非患者(χ2=11.473、14.420,P<0.05),重病区居民高于轻中病区居民(χ2=7.451、11.359,P<0.05)。结论西安市大骨节病病区居民的饮食行为不合理,不同人口统计学特征居民饮食行为有差异。今后应针对不同特征人群制定有针对性的防治及健康干预策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To understand the diet-related behavior among residents in Kaschin-beck disease(KBD) in endemic areas of Xi’an City, provide a scientific basis for prevention, control and health education intervention of KBD.[Methods]Using the stratified random cluster sampling method, a self-administered questionnaire was performed in 903 residents by the self-designed questionnaire.[Results]The staple food of residents in KBD endemic areas were mainly local wheat(98.23%) and local corn(88.15%) . The residents who have insisted on consuming rice and selenium-rich food accounted for only 28.63% and 27.36%respectively. The behavior rates of consuming rice and selenium-rich food among KBD patients(18.81% and 21.78%) were lower than those among healthy people(31.47% and 28.98%) , and the differences were statistically significant( χ2=12.294, 4.084,P <0.05) . The non-staple food of residents in KBD endemic areas was mainly vegetables(94.24%) , while fish accounted for only3.77%. The proportions of consumption of fresh fruits, pork, beef and mutton meat, milk, and fish in KBD patients were significantly lower than those in healthy people(χ2=8.758, 23.958, 6.329, 5.640, P <0.05) . The proportions of residents often consumed the fresh fruits, pork, beef and mutton meat, milk, and poultry in serious endemic areas were significantly lower than those in moderate and mild endemic areas(χ2=11.473, 14.420, P <0.05) . The residents who often ate leftovers and moldy food accounted for 25.25% and 13.95% respectively, and the consumption rates in KBD patients were significantly higher than those in healthy people(χ2=11.473, 14.420, P<0.05) , while the consumption rates in serious endemic areas were significantly higher than those in moderate and mild endemic areas(χ2=7.45, 11.359, P<0.05) .[Conclusion]The diet-related behavior among residents in KBD areas of Xi’an City is unreasonable, and the diet-related behavior is different in residents with different demographic characteristics. In the future, it is necessary to develop the targeted prevention, control and health intervention measures according to characteristics of populations.更多还原