【摘要】 目的了解西安市大骨节病区小学生饮食行为情况,为大骨节病病因研究和防治提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样法,用自行设计的问卷对1 076名小学生进行自填式问卷调查。结果调查对象中当地小麦的食用率为78.81%,其次为外地大米(58.92%)和当地玉米(52.51%)。调查对象中坚持食用大米的行为率为51.30%,食用富硒食品的行为率为21.28%;中、重病区食用大米和富硒食品的行为率均低于轻病区(χ~2=9.351、54.818,均P<0.05)。五年级学生坚持食用大米和富硒食品的行为率高于三年级(χ~2=17.104、6.262,均P<0.05)。50.93%的调查对象愿意食用大米,24.67%的调查对象愿意食用富硒食物。四、五年级学生食用大米的意愿高于三年级(χ~2=19.384,P<0.05),轻病区学生食用富硒食物的意愿高于重中病区(χ~2=33.331,P<0.05)。病区学生最近1周内副食食用情况中蔬菜(73.04%)、新鲜水果(57.43%)和奶及奶制品(44.05%)食用率较高,而家禽及禽产品(18.40%)、猪牛羊肉(15.33%)、鱼类(13.01%)较低。结论西安市大骨节病病区小学生的饮食行为不合理,存在主食种类单一,以当地小麦、玉米为主,肉类、家禽、鱼类等食用率偏低的情况。相关部门应加强对病区居民大骨节病防治知识的健康教育,促进居民改善不良的饮食行为,提高病区儿童身体素质。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To understand the diet-related behavior of pupils in Kaschin-Beck disease(KBD) endemic areas of Xi’an City,provide a scientific basis for etiological study and prevention of KBD.[Methods]Using the stratified random cluster sampling method,the self-administered questionnaire survey was performed among 1076 pupils with a self-designed questionnaire.[Results]The consumption rate of local wheat among respondents was 78.81%,followed by the nonlocal rice(58.92%) and local corn(52.51%).51.30%of respondents insisted on eating rice,and the rate of eating selenium rich foods was 21.28%.The rates of pupils with the behaviors of eating rice and selenium rich foods in the medium and severe areas were lower than those in slight areas(x~2=9.351,54.818,both P<0.05).The rates of eating rice and selenium rich foods in grade 5 pupils were higher than those in grade 3 pupils(x~2=17.104,6.262,both P<0.05).50.93%of respondents were willing to eat rice,and 24.67%were willing to eat selenium rich foods.Grade 4 and 5 pupils had stronger willingness to eat rice than grade 3 pupils(x~2= 19.384,P<0.05),and the willingness to eat selenium rich foods among pupils in slight areas was stronger than that among pupils in medium and severe areas(x~2=33.331,P<0.05).In the last week,the consumption rates of vegetables(73.04%),fruits(57.43%),milk and milk products(44.05%) among pupils were high,while the consumption rates of poultry and poultry products(18.40%),meat(15.33%)and fish(13.01%) were low.[Conclusion]The diet-related behavior of pupils in KBD endemic areas of Xi’an City is unreasonable.The staple type is single,which is dominated by the local wheat and corn,and the consumption rates of meat,poultry and fish are lower relatively.The relevant departments should strengthen the health education on KBD prevention and control among residents in endemic areas,promote the residents to change the unhealthy diet-related behaviors,and improve the children’s physical quality.更多还原