【摘要】 目的通过了解镇江市麻疹流行病学特征,对麻疹监测系统运行质量进行评价,为进一步做好麻疹预防和控制工作提供科学依据。方法收集镇江市7个辖市区2009—2013年报告的麻疹监测系统数据,采用描述流行病学方法,分析麻疹流行病学特征、评价麻疹监测系统主要监测指标。结果镇江市2009—2013年年均排除病例报告发病率为2.56/10万,疑似病例血标本采集率从2009年的95.13%提高到2013年的100%,48 h个案调查率从2009年的95.13%提高到2013年的100%,血标本3 d内送达率从2009年的93.57%提高到2013年的100%,实验室血清学检测结果 7 d内报告率从2009年的94.28%提高到2013年的100%;麻疹发病具有较明显的季节性,发病高峰期集中在3—5月份,共140例,占总病例数的85.89%;发病年龄呈现"两头多,中间少"的分布态势;无免疫史或免疫史不详者占总病例数的90.18%,有免疫史者仅占9.82%。结论镇江市2009—2013年麻疹监测系统运转情况良好,麻疹监测系统运行质量逐年提高。应进一步提高麻疹监测工作质量、提高人群免疫水平、加强重点人群麻疹防控,继续维持消除麻疹目标状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Zhenjiang City,evaluate the performance of measles surveillance system(MSS),provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control of measles.[Methods]The data of MSS in 7 districts of Zhenjiang City from 2009-2013 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles and evaluate the major operating indicators of MSS. [Results]The average annual incidence rate of non-measles cases was 2.56/lakh in Zhenjiang City from 2009-2013. The blood specimen collection rate of suspected cases increased from 95.13% in 2009 to 100% in 2013. The rate of suspected case investigation within 48 hours increased from 95.13% in 2009 to 100% in 2013. The rate of serum specimens delivered within 3 days increased from 93.57% in2009 to 100% in 2013. The rate of the serological test results reported within 7 days increased from 94.28% in 2009 to 100% in2013. The epidemic situation of measles showed the obvious seasonality, the peak appeared March to May, which included 140 cases, accounting for 85.89% of total cases. As for the age distribution, most of cases were in the children group and old group,and patients in middle aged group accounted for small proportion. 90.18% of patients had no immunization history or had an unknown immunization history, only 9.82% had the clear immunization history. [Conclusion]The measles surveillance system in Zhenjiang City has operated in a good condition from 2009-2013, and the operation quality has increased gradually. It is necessary to strengthen measles monitoring, enhance the public immune level, and improve the prevention and control in key populations, to keep measles elimination status.更多还原