【摘要】 目的分析慢性精神分裂症患者前瞻性记忆(prospective memory,PM)与回顾性记忆(retrospective memory,RM)损害状况,探讨慢性精神分裂症患者PM与RM的关联。方法纳入50例慢性精神分裂症患者和50名正常对照,用中文版剑桥前瞻性记忆测试量表(Cambridge prospective memory test,C-CAMPROMPT)评估基于事件的前瞻性记忆(event-based PM,EBPM)和基于时间的前瞻性记忆(time-based PM,TBPM),数字序列(digital span,DS)测验评估工作记忆(working memory,WM),逻辑记忆(logical memory)测验和视觉再现(visual reproduction,VR)测验分别评估即刻听觉逻辑记忆(immediate auditory logical memory,IALM)、延迟性听觉逻辑记忆(delayed auditory logical memory,DALM)和即刻视觉再现记忆(immediate visual reproduction memory,IVRM)、延迟性视觉再现记忆(delayed visual reproduction memory,DVRM),并根据标准分数将患者各量表得分转换为可进行量表间比较的损伤指数。结果患者组的EBPM[(7.9±3.4)vs.(13.7±2.9)]、TBPM[(6.9±3.6)vs.(13.0±3.2)]、DS-顺背[(5.8±2.0)vs.(7.5±2.2)]、DS-倒背[(6.5±1.9)vs.(8.2±2.8)]、IALM[(8.3±3.1)vs.(11.9±2.5)]、DALM[(7.4±3.7)vs.(11.8±2.6)]、IVRM[(8.0±2.7)vs.(11.2±3.8)]及DVRM[(7.7±3.5)vs.(10.8±2.7)]得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);患者组EBPM损伤指数和TBPM损伤指数均大于DS-顺背损伤指数、DS-倒背损伤指数、IALM损伤指数、IVRM损伤指数、DVRM损伤指数(均P<0.05),与DALM损伤指数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者组PM总分与除IVRM(P=0.155)外RM各测验得分的相关关系均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论慢性精神分裂症患者存在前瞻性记忆和回顾性记忆损害,前瞻性记忆损害较回顾性记忆损害严重,且两种损害相互关联。更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectivesTo compare prospective memory(PM) deficits with retrospective memory(RM) deficits and to explore the correlation between PM and RM in chronic schizophrenia.MethodsFifty chronic schizophrenia patients and fifty healthy controls were recruited. The PM performance [event-based PM(EBPM) and time-based PM(TBPM)] were evaluated by the Chinese version of the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test(C-CAMPROMPT); working memory(WM) was evaluated by the digital span subtest(DS); immediate auditory logical memory(IALM), delayed auditory logical memory(DALM), immediate visual reproduction memory(IVRM) and delayed visual reproduction memory(DVRM) were evaluated by the logical memory and visual reproduction subtest. The score of each test was transformed to comparable standard score.ResultsPatients performed significantly worse on EBPM [(7.9±3.4) vs.(13.7±2.9)], TBPM[(6.9±3.6) vs.(13.0±3.2)], DS [sequence:(5.8±2.0) vs.(7.5±2.2); backward:(6.5±1.9) vs.(8.2±2.8)], IALM [(8.3±3.1) vs.(11.9±2.5)], DALM [(7.4±3.7) vs.(11.8±2.6)], IVRM [(8.0±2.7) vs.(11.2±3.8)], and DVRM [(7.7±3.5) vs.(10.8±2.7)]scores than controls(P <0.05). The extent of deficits of EBPM and TBPM were greater than those of DS(sequence and backward), IALM, DALM, IVRM and DVRM(P <0.05), but not DALM(P >0.05). The performance of PM in chronic schizophrenia was significantly related to DS(sequence and backward), IALM, DALM and DVRM(P <0.05), but not IVRM(P=0.155). Conclusion: There are greater prospective memory deficits than retrospective memory deficits in chronic schizophrenia and the prospective memory deficits are correlated with the retrospective memory deficits in chronic schizophrenia.更多还原