【摘要】 在休谟之后,关于因果关系的研究越来越多。沿着休谟的道路,哲学家放弃了对因果必然性的追求,试图找到一种模型,能够最好地描述原因和结果之间的对应关系。在分析哲学中,主要产生了三个理论:概率因果论、INUS理论、反事实条件句理论。在分析日常语言中的因果陈述句时,INUS理论用充分条件关系和必要条件关系来定义因果关系,而充分条件关系、必要条件关系在逻辑上是清楚明白的。INUS理论引起了国际学术界的关注和讨论,但是国内相关研究几乎没有。所以,介绍INUS理论的内容、并总结国际学术界对它的批判是具有重要意义的。更多还原

【Abstract】 After Hume, an increasing number of studies about causality comes out. Followed Hume ’s path, philosophers gave up the pursuit for causal necessity, but tried to find a model that can bestly describe the corresponding relationship between causes and effects. In analytic philosophy, there are three ways out: the probabilistic theory of causality, the theory of INUS condition, the counterfactual analysis of causation. With the causal state-ments in ordinary language, INUS theory defined causality with sufficient condition and necessary condition, both of which are clearly relations in log-ic. INUS theory caused a lot of discussion among international academe, but it hasn ’t get much attentions among domestic scholars. So, it ’s important to introduce the INUS theory, and summarize the criticism from international academia.更多还原