【摘要】 为研究种植密度与行距对玉米产量、穗部性状以及通过穗部性状对产量的影响,寻求最佳种植行距与密度,为实现玉米超高产栽培创建提供技术依据。以玉米品种‘协玉3号’为材料,设置3个行距[50 cm等行距、60 cm等行距与40 cm+60 cm宽窄行]、3个种植密度[60000、67500、75000株/hm2],随机区组设计,3次重复,共27个小区,每小区行长6 m,行宽3 m,面积18 m2。50 cm等行距与宽窄行为6行区,60 cm等行距为5行区。结果表明,行距对‘协玉3号’的产量影响达到了极显著水平,而且不同行距配置中穗重、穗行数、穗粗以及穗粒重差异显著,不同密度间穗重、穗行数、百粒重与穗粒重差异显著,多个作用大小不一的穗部性状间的交互作用共同影响决定玉米产量。‘协玉3号’在密度为75000株/hm2和60 cm等行距模式下产量最高,可达16646.70 kg/hm2。因此,在山西中部水浇地条件下采用紧凑型玉米品种‘协玉3号’,适当扩大种植行距、缩小株距、增加种植密度是提高玉米产量的重要途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to select the optimal row spacing and plant density and provide the technical basis forestablishing the cultivation pattern of corn(Zea mays L.) super-high-yield, the effects of row spacing and plantdensity on panicle traits and yield were assessed in central Shanxi. The experimental design with the cornmaterial of‘Xieyu 3’was a randomized block with nine treatments and three replications. The area of eachplot was 18 m2(6 cm length × 3 cm width). Row spacing included 60:60, 50:50 and 60:40 cm that evaluated inplant density 60000, 67500 and 75000 plant/hm2. Six lines were arranged for the treatments of 50:50 and 60:40cm row spacing, and fives lines for that of 60:60 cm row spacing. The results showed that row spacing hadsignificant effects on the yield of‘Xieyu 3’at the 0.01 level. The ear weight, ear rows, ear coarse and ear grainweight were significantly affected by row spacing at 0.05 level. And the ear weight, ear rows, 100- kernelweight and ear grain weight were significantly affected by planting density at 0.05 level.The yield of‘Xieyu 3’was mainly determined by the interaction among its panicle traits. Moreover, the highest yield of16646.70 kg/hm2 was obtained at a plant density of 75000 plant/hm2 with a row spacing of 60:60 cm. Therefore,the compact-type corn of‘Xieyu3’is a good maize variety in the irrigated area in the center of Shanxi, andappropriately expanding plant spacing, narrowing the planting distance and increasing planting density couldbe a potential important way to increase the yield.更多还原