【摘要】 储存温度及速冻速率是高端食材、医药及生物制品等的高品质储存的2个关键参数,其核心是深冷制冷技术。混合工质节流制冷技术采用不同沸点组元构成的多元混合物作为制冷剂,适用于液氮温度(-196℃)至单级蒸气压缩循环制冷温度下限(-40℃)的广阔温区的制冷应用。混合工质节流制冷机可采用普冷领域成熟的油润滑单级压缩机及各类普冷领域的货架产品构建,在成本、可靠性及规模应用方面具有显著优势,在生物医学、能源、材料甚至国防安全等领域具有广泛而重要的需求。本文简要介绍深冷混合工质节流制冷技术进展,特别介绍利用混合工质节流制冷技术实现低温冰箱、低温快速冷冻箱、便携式低温储存箱以及微小型液氮机方面的应用研究,其可适用于高端食材、医药及生物制品等深冷下的速冻冷藏。更多还原

【Abstract】 The storage temperature and cooling-down speed are two key parameters for preservation of high value food,medicine and biomaterials;while its key point is the lowtemperature refrigeration technology.With various refrigerants of different boiling points,multi-component mixed-gases Joule-Thomson refrigerators(MJTRs)are very suitable for refrigeration applications at temperatures ranging from liquid nitrogen(-196 ℃)to the lowest effective refrigeration temperature of the single-stage vapor compression refrigeration system(-40 ℃).This refrigerator can be built with those well-developed oil-lubricated single-stage compressors widely used in commercial refrigeration and air-conditioning fields,as well as the off-the-shelf components.With obvious advantages in cost,reliability,and industry-scale applications,for this refrigeration technology,there are extensive and significant requirements in fields of biomaterials,medicine,energy,material sciences,and even the state security.The research progress of low-temperature MJTRs is introduced.Especially,such developments of ultra-low temperature freezers,fast cool-down chambers,portable low-temperature freezers and miniature nitrogen liquefiers are also introduced,which are quite suitable for low-temperature freezing and cold storage of high value food,medicine and biomaterials.更多还原