【摘要】 为高效降解秸秆和腐解油菜病原菌菌核(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum de Bary),研制出由棘孢曲霉(Aspergillus aculeatus)和哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)孢子悬浮液配制的复合液体菌剂和由哈茨木霉和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)与菜籽饼和油菜秸秆进行发酵所得的固体复合生物肥料,通过盆栽模拟试验,分析复合生物制剂腐解秸秆和油菜病原菌菌核的效率,测定其对盆栽土壤的影响。结果发现,与基质对照相比,油菜和水稻秸秆腐解率分别提高15.07%和5.81%,菌核萌发率分别下降20.98%和12.28%;复合生物制剂腐解的秸秆可显著提高土壤酸性磷酸酶和脲酶活性。利用水稻秸秆还田并施用复合生物肥料可显著提高油菜产量,油菜籽比空白对照增产9.6%。更多还原

【Abstract】 To effectively decay crop straw and rapeseed pathogen( sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum),2 fungi( Aspergillus aculeatus,Trichoderma harzianum) and 1 bacteria( Bacillus subtilis) were used in pot experiments.A. aculeatus strain Asp-3 and T. harzianum strain Tri-5 were made into conidium suspension( compound liquid inoculants,CLI) to study their decomposing effects. T. harzianum strain Tri-5 and B. subtilis strain Tu-100 with decompose rapeseed meal and straw were used as compound bio-fertilizer( CBF). Results showed that compared to the matrix control,after CLI spray,rape straw decomposition rate increased 15. 07%,and sclerotia germination rate decreased 20. 98%. After using CBF,rice straw decomposition rate increased 5. 81%,and sclerotia germination rate decreased 12. 28%. Soil acid phosphatase and urease activities increased and sclerotia germination rate decreased significantly after using CBF and CLI. Rapeseed yield was also significantly increased after using CBF with rice straw,with the yield 9. 6% higher than that of blank control.更多还原