【摘要】 目的:优化自动发药机中药品储位以提高工作效率。方法:采用最小时间算法原则,即将使用频率高的药品存放在距离出药口近的储药槽中;同时从大量的处方信息中提取药品使用规律,将具有关联性的药品存放在临近的储药槽中。以每日加药时间、处方平均调配时间、最大储药数量为评价指标,优化自动发药机初始储位,统计分析药品初始储位优化前后3个月各指标变化。结果:通过计算各药品包装三维尺寸及其上一年的分发频率数据选择354种药品存储在自动发药机中,并根据其分发频率高低及药品间的关联程度安排其在发药机中储位的近远。与优化前比较,储位优化后每日加药时间平均缩短了54 min(218 vs.165min),处方平均调配时间缩短了8 s(24 vs.16 s),最大储药数量平均增加了1 333盒(13 113 vs.14 446盒),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:自动发药机药品初始储位经最小时间算法优化后缩短了加药时间和处方调配时间,增加了最大储药数量,提高了工作效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE:To optimize the drug placement in the automated drug dispensing machine to improve work efficiency.METHODS:Based on the principle of the minimum time algorithm,the drug which would be used at a high frequency was placed in the drug storage tank nearest to the drug outlet.Meanwhile,the rule of drug use was drawn from the information on a large number of prescriptions,based on which the drugs correlated with each other were placed in the drug storage tanks that were adjacent.With daily time it takes to add drugs,average time it takes to make up a prescription and the maximum number of drugs stored as the evaluated indexes,the initial drug placement in the automated drug dispensing machine was optimized.The changes in the indexes within 3 months before and after the above-mentioned optimization were statically analyzed.RESULTS:After calculating the three-dimensional sizes of the packages of drugs and the dispensing frequency data of the previous year,354 drugs were selected and placed in the nearer or farther storage tanks in the automated dispensing machine according to the dispensing frequency and the correlation among them.After the optimization of the placement,daily time it takes to add drugs reduced by 54 min(218vs.165 min)on average,average time it takes to make up a prescription reduced by 8 s(24 vs.16 s)and the maximum number of drugs stored increased by 1 333 boxes(13 113 vs.14 446 boxes)on average.There was statistical significance in differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The initial drug placement in the automated drug dispensing machine that was optimized by minimum time algorithm has reduced daily time it takes to add drugs and average time it takes to make up a prescription and increased the maximum number of drugs stored and thus improved work efficiency.更多还原