【摘要】 航天诱变育种是近十几年来快速发展的农业高科技新领域,将高科技的空间技术与常规农业育种相结合,是一项高创新性育种方法,其目的是利用空间诱变技术选育植物新种质、新材料、培育新品种。我国的航天育种技术走在世界前列,已在农作物、蔬菜及花卉上广泛应用,且已通过国家或省级审定、鉴定了70多个品种,牧草航天育种尚处于初始阶段,目前主要集中于紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)方面的相关研究。为此,简要阐述了航天诱变育种的定义、机理和特点,介绍了紫花苜蓿、燕麦、猫尾草、红三叶、白三叶、黄花矶松、红豆草和沙打旺等几种牧草航天诱变研究的自身特点,以及目前我国牧草航天诱变研究进展,并提出存在的问题和今后的研究内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 Space mutation breeding is a new high-tech areas of agriculture,It is a high innovative breeding methods that combines the high-tech space technology with conventional agricultural breeding.Its purpose is to breed novel variety.Space mutation breeding has been widely used in the crops and vegetables,such as wheat,rice,pepper,tomatoes,and 72 varieties were registered by nation or provinces.Space breeding in China lead the world,forage space breeding is still in the initial stages and focused on the alfalfa.The definition,mechanisms and characteristics of space mutation breeding,and inherent characteristics of space mutation study on the several forages,including alfalfa,oats,timothy,red clover,white clover,Limonium sinense,Onobrychis vicifolia and Astragalus adsurgens,were briefly discussed.The progress and the current problems in the study on space mutation were briefly introduced.更多还原