【摘要】 底栖动物是长江水生生态系统的重要组成部分,研究其结构域和多样性对长江水资源开发和保护具有重要意义.分别于2013年5月和9月对长江干流江苏段17个采样点底栖动物群落结构和生境状况进行调查,并用Shannonwiener多样性指数对底栖动物多样性进行评价,用聚类法分析采样点底栖动物群落相似性.结果显示:17个采样点共采集到底栖动物36种,其中南京和常州段底栖动物平均密度较高,其他区域平均密度较低.多样性分析结果表明,南京和常州段底栖动物多样性较高,优势种为齿吻沙蚕(Nephthys sp.)、大螯蜚属一种(Grandidierella chaohuensis sp.)、钩虾属一种(Gammarus sp.)、颤蚓属一种(Tubifex sp.)和霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri);南通段底栖动物多样性最低,优势种为颤蚓属一种(Tusbifex sp.).聚类分析将17个采样点分为4组,相似性分析检验表明各聚类组底栖动物群落具有显著差异(P<0.05).本研究表明,水生植被、流速、底质类型和航道可能是影响底栖动物群落结构重要原因之一.更多还原

【Abstract】 Macrobenthic communities are an important part of aquatic ecological system in the Yangtze River.Studies on macrobenthic community structure and diversity have important significance for development and protection of water resources in the Yangtze River.In this research,macrobenthic communities and their habitat in the Jiangsu Reach of the Yangtze River were investigated at 17 sites in May and September of 2013.Shannon-wiener diversity index was used to assess the diversity of macrobenthic communities.The results showed that there were 36 species at these 17 sites;the abundance and diversity of macrobenthic community were the highest in the Nanjing Reach and the Changzhou Reach,the lowest in the Nantong Reach of the Yangtze River.Nephthys sp.,Grandidierella chaohuensis sp.,Gammarus sp.,Tubifex sp.and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri were the dominant taxa in the Jiangsu Reach of the Yangtze River.Cluster analysis based on species abundance yielded four groups among the 17 sites.One-way analysis of similarity(ANOSIM) suggested significant differences in macrobenthic community structure among the four groups(P<0.05).The results indicated that factors including aquatic plants,water flow velocity,sediment types and channels can influence the distribution and diversity of macrobenthic communities in the Jiangsu Reach of the Yangtze River.更多还原