【摘要】 目的探讨特殊人群用药安全影响因素并评价药师干预作用的效果。方法分析医院178种常用药品说明书,了解针对特殊人群用药注意事项等项目的标注情况。纳入2 542例特殊人群患者,开展问卷调查,了解其对用药安全的认识情况并分析特殊人群用药安全的影响因素。将受试患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各1 271例。观察组采用药师干预。比较两组患者住院时间、住院费用及抗菌药物费用差异。结果临床常用药品说明书对特殊人群用药安全项的标注率较低;监护人态度、家庭因素、患者(或监护人)文化水平、对药物说明的认识、医嘱执行情况与患者用药安全相关,其中监护人态度、对药物说明的认识、医嘱执行情况是主要影响因素;与干预前相比,干预后患者住院时间明显缩短,抗菌药物费用明显降低,患者住院费用明显减少(P<0.05)。结论特殊人群用药安全影响因素众多,其中监护人态度、对药物说明的认识、医嘱执行情况的影响较明显。通过临床药师专业、系统地干预,可明显提高特殊人群患者的用药安全水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the influence factors of medication safety in special populations and to evaluate the pharmacist intervention effect. Methods The instructions of 178 kinds of commonly used drugs in hospital were analyzed for understanding the label situation aiming at the medication precautions for special populations. Then the questionnaire investigation was performed on 2542 included special crowd patients for understanding the cognition situation on medication safety and analyzing the influence factors of medication safety in special populations. The patients were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,1271 cases in each group. The observation group adopted the pharmacist intervention. The hospitalization duration,hospitalization expenses and antibacterial drugs costs were compared between the two groups. Results The label rate of medication safety for the special populations in the drug instructions was lower. The guardian attitude,family factors,patient( or gardian) cultural level,cognition on drug instruction and executive condition of medical orders were related with the medication of patients,in which the guardian attitude,cognition on drug instruction and executive condition of medical orders were the main influence factors. Compared with before intervention,the hospitalization duration was significantly shortened,the antibacterial drugs expenses were significantly dropped and the hospitalization expenses were significantly decreased( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The medication safety in special populations has many influence factors,in which the guardian attitude,cognition on drug instruction and executive condition of medical orders have especially obvious effect. The professional and systematic intervention by clinical pharmacists can significantly improve the medication safety level of special population patients.更多还原