【摘要】 以三苯基膦(PPh3)为保护剂,采用水相化学还原法制备了纳米金溶胶.利用紫外可见分光光度计和透射电子显微镜对纳米金颗粒的尺寸及形貌进行表征.讨论了还原剂种类与用量、保护剂用量与加入方式、金粒子浓度、溶液pH值等因素对纳米金颗粒粒径、形貌和分散性的影响.结果表明:采用硼氢化钠为还原剂时,PPh3与金质量比为0.02∶1,溶液pH值为7,制得纳米金粒子平均粒径为4~5nm.采用柠檬酸钠为还原剂时,PPh3与金质量比为0.04∶1,柠檬酸钠与金质量比为10∶1,溶液pH=3~4,制得金粒子平均粒径为13~15nm.采用草酸为还原剂时,PPh3与金质量比为0.08∶1,草酸与金质量比为3∶1,金前驱液pH值为6,制得金粒子平均粒径为23~25nm.加入保护剂后,粒子的分散性增强,形状不规则粒子增多.更多还原

【Abstract】 Nanogold colloid is synthesized by chemical reduction using triphenylphosphine( PPh3) solution as protective agent. UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy( TEM) are used to characterize the prepared Au nanoparticles. Some factors such as the type and the amount of reducing agent,the adding way and the amount of protective agent,the concentration and p H value of Au solution,which affects the particle size,morphology and dispersion of Au nanoparticles,are discussed. The results show that the optimized processing parameters for preparing gold nanoparticles using Na BH4 with an average diameter from 4 to 5 nm are: mPPh3∶ mAu= 0. 02∶ 1,pH =7. The optimal conditions obtained for making gold nanoparticles using Na3C6H5O7 with particle size from 13 to 15 nm are: mPPh3∶ mAu= 0. 04 ∶ 1,mNa3C6H5O7∶ mAu= 10 ∶ 1,pH = 3- 4. The size of Au nanoparticles prepared with H2C2O4 is within the range of 23 ~ 25 nm. The optimal conditions are mPPh3∶ mAu= 0. 08∶ 1,mH2C2O4∶ mAu= 3∶ 1,pH= 6. After adding a certain amount of PPh3,colloidal gold nanoparticles show higher dispersion and more irregular shapes.更多还原