【摘要】 为降低常规爆破对保留岩体的破坏损伤,提出了定向卸压隔振爆破方法,并介绍了其技术原理。霍普金森杆、超动态、动焦散、动光弹和一级轻气炮等试验结果表明:采用定向卸压隔振爆破隔振材料一侧爆炸初始压力降低了30%~60%,爆破振动峰值下降了32%~67%;作用于隔振材料一侧爆轰波能量被阻隔46.95%,隔振材料一侧保留岩石的声速降低13.48%;临空面一侧的主剪应力是隔振材料一侧的3.5倍,应力强度因子是隔振材料一侧的1~2.12倍。实践表明,临空面方向汇集了大量能量,获得了好的爆破效果,同时可以减少露天边坡的开挖费用和平巷掘进超欠挖量。更多还原

【Abstract】 To reduce the destruction damage of conventional blasting on reserved rock,a new blasting method,namely,directional pressure relief vibration isolation blasting,is proposed and its technical principles are introduced. The test results of hopkinson bar,ultra-dynamic,dynamic caustics,dynamic photoelasticity,level one light gas gun and other tests results show that:this method would make explosion pressure reduced by 30% to 60% on the isolation material side;blasting vibration peak decreased by 32% to 67%;detonation wave would be blocked 46.95% and sound velocity reduced 13.48% on the isolation material side. The primary shear stress of the free surface side is 3.5 times of that on the isolation material side;stress intensity factors are 1 to 2.12 times of that on isolation material side. Engineering practices show that it brings a large number of energy together in free surface,geting a good blasting effect,meanwhile it can reduce the cost of the open pit slope excavation and overexcavation in drifting.更多还原