【摘要】 通过地理集中指数、基尼系数等比较国家级自然保护区和风景名胜区空间分布特征,并以全国135个主要城市为参照,探讨国家级自然保护区和风景名胜区在城市近郊、远郊的数量分布规律及相对高速公路和国道的距离。结果显示,国家级自然保护区和风景名胜区地理集中指数分别为20.93和22.85,在各省份的集中程度均较高;二者基尼系数分别为0.95和0.94,在八大经济区域内的分布也相对集中。国家级风景名胜区的空间分布与城市更接近,48%的风景名胜区分布在城市近郊和远郊,而国家级自然保护区仅有26.54%,与国家级自然保护区相比,风景名胜区与高速公路和国道的相对距离更近,70%以上在高速公路90 km和国道40 km内分布,具有更大的生态旅游潜力,尤其作为自驾游目的地最为合适。国家级自然保护区和风景名胜区的空间分布有所差异,在生态旅游开发时应发挥各自优势,注重资源保护,提高生态、社会和经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the geographic concentration index,Gini coefficient,we compared the spatial distribution characteristics of national nature reserves and national scenic areas.We used ArcGIS software to analyze the distance of national nature reserves and scenic areas to 135 major cities,highways and national roads.The concentration index of national nature reserves and scenic areas were 20.93 and 22.85,respectively,indicating highly concentrated distribution at provincial scale.Gini coefficients were 0.95 for national nature reserves and 0.94 for scenic areas,indicating that these two protected area types were also concentrated on the economic zone scale.National scenic areas were closer to cities,and 48%of national scenic areas compared to26.54%of national nature reserves were located in suburban areas.The average distances of national scenic areas to highways and national roads were significantly shorter than those of national nature reserves.More than 70%of scenic areas were within 90 km of highways and 40 km of national roads.We concluded that national scenic areas had more tourism potential,especially for driving trips.In conclusion,there were some differences between the spatial distribution of nature reserves and scenic areas at different scales,so we should develop the advantages of these two areas for ecotourism,optimize their tourism resources and increase the ecological,social and economic benefits.更多还原