【摘要】 为了研究江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区互花米草生境中繁殖鸟巢的被捕食情况及影响捕食的因素,2014年3~6月,在保护区第三核心区鸟类繁殖生境中,使用人工巢及真实鹌鹑蛋进行巢捕食实验的方法进行巢捕食实验,分析不同巢高度、覆盖度、边缘距离、植被密度等因素对鸟巢被捕食的影响。实验共放置520个人工巢,1 040枚卵,使用红外相机对部分人工巢进行监测。结果表明:在江苏大丰麋鹿自然保护区互花米草生境内,人工巢存在较高的被捕食率,共有352巢被捕食,占67.7%,对11个变量进行逻辑斯蒂回归,巢高度、植被均高、主要植被密度、距边缘距离、水平覆盖度、上层垂直覆盖度等6个变量进人最终模型,巢高度、距边缘距离与巢被捕食显著相关。通过红外相机拍摄从102个监测巢中记录到69个捕食事件,68巢黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)和1巢黑眉锦蛇(Elaphe taeniura)捕食。我们认为互花米草生境中缺乏啮齿类动物的天敌是当地人工巢被捕食的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 We studied the main predators of bird nests and the factors influencing nest predation in Spartina alterniflora habitat at the third core area of Jiangsu Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve during March to June 2014.We experiments using artificial nests and quail eggs.We analyzed nest height,degree of nest concealment,distance to habitat edge,and vegetation density as factors potentially affecting nest predation.We placed 520 artificial nest and 1040 quail eggs.We used infrared cameras to monitor predation on nests.Artificial nests suffered a high predation rate:352 nests were preyed upon.68%of total nests.We analyzed 11 variables by logistic regression;nest height,average vegetation height,density of dominant vegetation species,distance to habitat edge,degree of horizontal coverage,and degree of vertical coverage were incorporated into the final model.Nest height and distance to habitat edge were significantly correlated with nest predation.We recorded 69 predation events at 102 nests,68 nests were predated by Apodemus agranus and 1 nest was predated by Elaphe taeniura.We believe that in Spartina alterniflora habitat the main reason for the high nest predation is lacking rodent predators.更多还原