【摘要】 目的了解桂林市2008年及以后确诊的经性传播的人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)感染者的流行病学及亚型的分布情况。方法选取样本100例,收集流行病学资料,采集抗凝全血,提取病毒RNA,RT-PCR法行gag基因扩增,对产物进行测序和分析。结果 100例样本中男女比例为2.125∶1;青壮年年龄组(20~49岁)患者为54%,>50岁年龄组患者为45%;职业为农民的患者为40%,学生为6%;初中及以下文化水平患者占69%;经异性和同性性接触途径传播的分别为93%、7%。100例样本最终成功扩增得到61例样本的gag基因序列,CRF01-AE重组亚型48例,CRF07-BC重组亚型8例,B亚型5例。结论应更加重视婚检、孕检的艾滋病抗体筛查;关注老年人群经性接触途径感染艾滋病的现象;采取针对低素质人群的有效防治措施;随着主要传播途径和主要亚型的变化,迫切需要对高危人群进行宣传教育和行为干预以阻断HIV/AIDS的流行和传播。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To determine the epidemiological situation of confirmed HIV-1 infections in Guilin after2008 who were infected by sexually transmission,and to understand the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes. Methods To make epidemiological survey on the 100 confirmed HIV-1 infections,extract HIV-1 RNA from their whole blood and amplified by RT-PCR. HIV-1 gag gene was sequenced directly from the PCR product. Results In the chosen patients,male to female ratio was 2. 125 ∶ 1. Patients aged ≥20 and ≤49 years old accounted for 54% in total,and patients aged 50 years old or older accounted for 45%. Farmers accounted for 40% and students accounted for6%. Patients with education level of junior middle school or below accounted for 69%. The proportions which were transmitted through heterosexual and homosexual contact were 93% and 7% respectively. 61 specimens were gained in 100 specimens,then sequence analysis showed that there were 3 HIV-1 subtypes,CRF01-AE( 48 samples),B( 5 samples),CRF-07BC( 8 samples). Conclusion The more attentions should be paid to the HIV/AIDS antibody screening in marriage and pregnancy inspection,focus on HIV / AIDS infection though sexual transmission in elderly people,and more effective ways to prevent HIV / AIDS infection for the population with poor education level should be explored. With the change of the main transmission and subtype,the more education and behavioral interventions should be done to prevent the spread of HIV / AIDS.更多还原