【摘要】 目的:采用运动心肺试验(CPET)和上肢功率车有氧训练方案对膝关节交叉韧带重建术后停训运动员的有氧耐力和心肺功能进行评价和干预,为改善该类患者早期康复训练方案提供依据。方法:25名行膝关节交叉韧带重建术运动员分为3组:(1)对照组(7人),术后第一天起按常规康复训练处方训练(包括床旁训练、肌力训练、关节活动度训练等,每次30 min至1 h,每天2次,每周5天,共4周);(2)持续训练组(8人),加入持续上肢功率车有氧训练,强度为60%~70%VO2peak,30 min/组,1组/天,3~5天/周,共4周;(3)间歇训练组(10人),加入间歇上肢功率车有氧训练,4 min 50%~60%VO2peak+1 min 90%~100%VO2peak,30 min/组,1组/天,3~5天/周,共4周。受试者均在术前1周内和有氧训练4周后1周内完成上肢功率车CPET的监测,采集其有氧耐力和心肺功能指标。结果:4周后,对照组峰值摄氧量(VO2peak)、相对峰值摄氧量(VO2peak/kg)、代谢当量(MET)、氧脉搏(O2Plus)、每搏输出量(SV)较4周前显著性降低(P<0.05),且初始VO2peak与其下降幅度高度负相关;持续训练组O2Plus较4周前显著性降低(P<0.05),间歇训练组VO2peak、VO2peak/kg、MET、O2Plus、SV较4周前均显著性增加(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 :运动员术后4周常规康复训练心肺功能显著降低,且VO2peak的下降程度与初始VO2peak成高度负相关;加入4周上肢功率车有氧训练组心肺耐力显著改善,且间歇训练组较持续训练组效果更佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective This research intents to develop an effective rehabilitation programs for maintaining or improving cardiorespiratory function of athletes after anterior cruciate ligaments(ACL) reconstruction. Method25 athletes after ACL reconstruction were divided into the control group(n =7,received conventional rehabilitation program after operation),continuous moderate intensity exercise group(n =8,received extra aerobic training of the upper extremity 3 to 5 sessions per week,30 min per session at the intensity of 60%~70% VO2 peak based on the conventional rehabilitation program)and high intensity interval training group(n=10,received extra aerobic training of the upper extremity 3 to 5 sessions per week,30 min per session,at the intensity of 4-min 50% ~60% VO2 peak plus 1-min 90% to 100% VO2 peak based on the conventional rehabilitation program). All subjects completed the cardiorespiratory exercise test a week before and 4 weeks after the rehabilitation training. Results 1. The VO2 peak,VO2peak/kg,MET,O2 Plus,and SV decreased significantly in control group 4 weeks after the conventional rehabilitation program(P<0.05). 2. The O2 Plus in continuous training group reduced significantly(P <0.05),while the VO2 peak,VO2peak/kg,MET,O2 Plus,and SV in interval training group increased significantly after 4 weeks of training(P <0.01). Conclusion The cardiorespiratory function of athletes after ACL reconstruction reduces significantly after 4-week traditional rehabilitation program,however can be maintained or improved by extra aerobic training of the upper extremity,especially by interval training.更多还原