【摘要】 目的:通过回顾分析输血前患者不规则抗体筛查及鉴定结果,探讨不规则抗体特异性分布及其在不同病种的分布规律。方法:选择2009年1月1日-2013年12月31日在本院拟输血的患者,采用微柱凝胶法对受血者进行血浆中不规则抗体的筛查,并对筛查阳性标本进行抗体特异性鉴定。结果:44194例患者中不规则抗体阳性者137例,阳性率为0.31%,其中男性33例,占被研究男性的0.18%;女性104例,占被研究女性的0.40%,性别分布差异具有统计学意义(X2=15.38,P<0.05);在不规则抗体筛查阳性患者中有输血史或妊娠史的129例,无输血史或妊娠史的8例;在不规则抗体筛查阳性的患者中抗体特异性分布主要为Rh血型系统54例(39.42%),MNS血型系统37例(27.01%),Lewis血型系统30例(21.90%);以病种计,在不规则抗体筛查阳性患者中肿瘤最多,占5.96‰,其次是消化道出血和慢性肾衰竭,分别占3.28‰和3.19‰,各病种间阳性率差异具有统计学意义(X2=19.33,P<0.05)。结论:输血前进行不规则抗体筛查是必要的,能发现有临床意义的不规则抗体,特别对肿瘤患者,多次输血及多次妊娠史患者可以提前预警,以保证这些患者的输血安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To analyze the results of irregular antibody screening and identification among patients before blood transfusion,and to investigate the specific distribution of irregular antibodies and the distribution regularity in different diseases.Methods:Choosing the patients intended to be transfused in our hospital from January 1,2009 to December 31,2013 years,micro-column gel technique was used to screen the irregular antibodies of those receptors and to identify the antibody specificity of the positive specimens.Results:Among 44194 patients,137 patients were with irregular antibody positive and their positive rate was 0.31%,among them 33 cases were male and accounted for 0.18%in the studied males;the 104 cases were females and accounted for 0.40%in all the studied females.The difference of sex distribution was statistically significant(X = 15.38 P <0.05).In the irregular antibody screening positive patients,patients with transfusion or pregnancy history were 129 cases,and the patients without transfusion or pregnancy history were 8 cases.In the irregular antibody screening positive patients,the main antibody of 54 cases belongs to Rh blood type system,accounting for 39.42%;The main antibody of 37 cases belongs to MNS blood type system,accounting for27.01%;while the 30 cases belong to Lewis blood type system,accounting for 21.90%.According to the classification of diseases,the irregular antibody screening-positive patients with tumors were ranked in the highest rate at 5.96‰,the secondary hemorrhage of digestive tract and chronic renal failure were ranked at the rate of 3.28‰ and 3.19‰.The difference of positive rates between diseases was statistically significant(χ~2=19.33 P <0.05).Conclusion:Irregular antibody screening before blood transfusion is necessary,which can discover the irregular antibodies of clinical significance /especially for patients with tumors and the other patients with the history of frequent blood transfusions or multiple pregnancies.Antibody screening is a useful warning signal,as it ensures the safety of blood transfusions.更多还原