【摘要】 如何扮演动物是中国戏曲舞台美术中颇为重要之问题。中国戏曲舞台上扮演动物的造型手段主要有面具、"套头"、"形儿"、"簪形"、脸谱和"磕脑"等6种,其中"形儿"主要用于扮演真的动物,"簪形"主要用于人与动物之间的置换。这些造型手段的演变大致遵循着从写实到写意、便于操控的脉络,体现于从动物面具到动物脸谱、从动物"套头"到动物"磕脑"、从大半身"形儿"到全身"形儿"等方面。人与动物以及动物与动物在舞台上的置换,大致遵循一个原则:变幻之后的造型尽量兼顾变幻前的原形。更多还原

【Abstract】 How to play the part of animals was very important on Chinese opera stage.The main modeling methods contain six categories as mask,headgear,costume disguise,hairpin disguise,facial makeup and head makeup.Among them costume disguise is usually used to model the part of the real animals while hairpin disguise is used to represent the replacement between people and animals.The evolution of these methods mainly reflects three aspects,including animals’ masks to facial makeup,headgear to head makeup,and costume disguise from most part of the figure to the overall figure.And the replacement between people and animals or among animals,always follow a basic principle,namely,the modeling should imitate the original form.更多还原