【摘要】 以某公司的手机生产车间为背景开展大型车间在火灾时的应急疏散研究。分别利用PyroSim和Pathfinder软件建立车间的火灾模型和疏散模型,通过火灾模拟结果分析发现烟气高度和能见度是最早达到危险状态的因素,并在150s左右达到了影响人员安全疏散的阈值;对人员疏散模拟结果分析发现车间部分疏散出口利用率低以及楼梯数量不足是影响人员疏散的主要因素。模拟疏散时间为330s,判断火灾时该车间不能满足现有人员安全疏散的要求。提出改进措施:合理划分疏散区域,对一层实施分区疏散;为二、三层车间增设外挂楼梯和安全出口;加装防排烟通风设施来控制烟气层的高度。改进后此车间能满足人员疏散的要求。通过加强车间火灾安全管理,减少可燃物和消除火源,从源头做好火灾的防控。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the example of a mobile phone production plant,a research on emergency evacuation of large-scale workshop at the fire was carried out.PyroSim and Pathfinder were respectively used to set up fire model and evacuation model.Fire simulation showed that the height and visibility of flue gas were that factors which achieved risk state firstly,and reach their threshold of affecting the safe evacuation in 150 s.Evacuation simulation found that the low utilization ratio of a few of evacuation exits and the insufficient number of stairs were the main factors influencing the evacuation.The evacuation simulation time was 330 s,and the result indicated that the existing evacuation condition could not meet the requirements of safety evacuation.Finally,improvement measures were put forward like:divide the evacuation zone reasonably,and carry out partition evacuation in the first layer;add hanging-stairs and exits out of the second and third floor;equip smoke exhaust ventilation to control the height of smoke layer.With these measures,the workshop could meet the requirements of evacuation.At the same time,by enhancing the safety management of workshop,reducing fuel and eliminating the source of fire,fire can be controlled from the source.更多还原