【摘要】 目的分析2012年山东省疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)发生特征,评价AEFI系统运转情况。方法通过AEFI系统,收集2012年个案,采用描述性方法对系统进行评价,对病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2012年山东省142个县均有数据报告,48 h报告率99.22%,48 h调查率100%。全省共收到个案12 665例,其中≤1岁占77.43%,男女性别比1.44∶1。国家免疫规划(National Immunization Program,NIP)疫苗占76.67%,首剂接种占58.56%,85.94%发生在接种后≤1 d;一般反应占97.59%,异常反应占2.14%,其中以过敏反应和卡介苗淋巴结炎为主。全省NIP疫苗常见异常反应报告发生率为0.18/100万~43.62/100万。12656例治愈或好转;5例死亡,其中异常反应1例;4例后遗症。结论山东省AEFI监测敏感性和质量仍需提高。小年龄、NIP疫苗、首剂接种、接种后≤1 d,为监测重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the features of adverse events following immunization(AEFI) in Shandong Province in 2012, and to evaluate the implementation of AEFI system. Methods Data in 2012 was collected through the national AEFI system. The descriptive methodology was used. Results 12665 AEFIs were reported, with cases under 1 year old accounted for 77.43% and the sex ratio of males to females being 1.44: 1. National Immunization Program(NIP) vaccine took up 76.67%, and the first dose of vaccination had a high incidence of 58.56%. 85.94% cases occurred ≤1 day after vaccination. 97.59% AEFIs were common minor side effects. 2.14% were rare serious reactions, and the primary illness were anaphylaxis and Bacilli Calmette-Guerin vaccine(BCG) suppurative lymphadenitis. The vaccine reaction rate of NIP vaccines were 0.18-43.62 per million. 12656 AEFIs were cured or getting better. In 5 dead cases, one case was vaccine reaction. 4 cases were with sequelae. 142 counties reported to AEFI system. The reporting rate within 48 h was 99.22%, and the investigating rate within 48 h was 100%. Conclusions The sensitivity and quality of surveillance still need to be improved. Young children, NIP vaccines, the first dose and ≤1 days after vaccination were the focus of the AEFI surveillance.更多还原