【摘要】 东莞市近年来城市内涝发生的频度和烈度均居全国前列.在深入分析东莞市城市内涝形成规律及城市空间特征、综合考虑国内外现有城市洪水模型中有效方法的基础上,建立了东莞市内涝预报模型,其包括5个独立的功能模块:排水分区与网格划分模块根据一级河涌分布对整个城市进行排水分区划分,并采用无结构化不规则网格技术对排水分区内的地表进行单元网格划分;雨量同化模块处理与计算各单元网格上的面雨量,作为模型的输入量,可以是通过雨量计测量的降雨或是多普勒雷达估算的降雨;产流计算模块将地面分为透水地面和不透水地面,并采用不同的方法进行单元网格上的产流计算;地表汇流计算模块进行城市地面水流运动及内涝积水情况计算,其中,单元网格型通道上的汇流按平面二维非恒定流进行计算,地面通道和特殊通道上的汇流按一维非恒定流进行计算;管网汇流计算模块采用一维非恒定流方程,按Priessmann"明窄缝"方法进行管网汇流计算.采用该模型对东莞曾经发生过的两场最为严重的内涝进行了模拟,取得了良好的效果.更多还原

【Abstract】 The frequency and intensity of urban waterlogging of Dongguan City are at the top of the Chinese cities.Based on the current urban waterlogging models,this paper presents an urban waterlogging forecasting model for Dongguan City considering the characteristics of the urban waterlogging and its spatial structures of the city.The model has 5modules.The drainage system and grid dividing modular divides the whole city into drainage system according to the first-order river system,and divides the drainage system into grids based on the non-structure,irregular grid technique.The precipitation modular assimilates precipitation for the every grids which is the input of the model.The precipitation could either be the radar based precipitation estimation or interpolated from rain gauges.Runoff production modular classifies the ground into pervious and impervious surface,and employs different methods to calculate the runoff respectively.Surface runoff routing modular routes the surface runoff and determines the inundation.The routing on surface grid is calculated according to the two-dimensional shallow water unsteady flow;the routing on surface passageway and special passageway is calculated according to the one-dimensional unsteady flow.The routing of pipeline runoff is calculated according to Priessmann method.Two most serious urban waterloggings occurred in recent years are simulated with this model.The results show that this model could be used in the urban waterlogging forecasting of Dongguan City.更多还原