【摘要】 通过连续2a的野外采样测定,研究了不同施肥措施和灌木缓冲带对雷竹林不同形态磷径流流失及雷笋产量的影响。结果表明:与常规施肥相比,减量施肥可以使雷竹林径流中总磷、可溶性总磷和颗粒态磷的浓度分别降低21.95%,17.60%和33.52%,累积流失量分别减少16.06%,10.29%和30.26%。减量施肥处理与常规施肥处理相比雷笋产量无显著差异,但每公顷经济效益比常规施肥处理高696元。减量施肥处理比常规施肥处理具有更高的产投比。灌木缓冲带可以分别减少常规施肥雷竹林径流水中总磷、可溶性总磷和颗粒态磷浓度的67.98%,69.10%和64.06%,减少累积流失量的78.25%,78.80%和76.52%;可以分别减少减量施肥总磷、可溶性总磷和颗粒态磷浓度的60.68%,64.09%和49.32%,减少累积流失量的75.55%,78.12%和67.57%。可溶性总磷是雷竹林径流水中磷流失的主要成分。不同处理雷竹林地表径流量、总磷累积流失量和可溶性总磷累积流失量与降雨量均存在极显著正相关关系。减量施肥措施和灌木缓冲带对雷竹林径流水中不同形态磷流失均有很好的控制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Effects of fertilization measures and shrub buffer on phosphorus losses of different forms in runoff water and bamboo shoot yield of Phyllostachys praecoxstands(bamboo fields)were studied for consecutive2 years through sampling and determination.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization,reducing fertilization treatment could reduce the concentrations of total phosphorus(TP),dissolved total phosphorus(DTP)and particulate phosphorus(PP)by 21.95%,17.60%and 33.52%,respectively,in the runoff water from bamboo fields,and could reduce the cumulative runoff losses of TP,DTP and PP by16.06%,10.29% and 30.26%,respectively.There was no significant difference between bamboo shoot yields of reducing and conventional fertilization treatments,but the economic benefit of reducing fertilization was higher than that of conventional fertilization by 696yuan/hm2.Reducing fertilization treatment had a higher ratio of output to input.Shrub buffer could reduce the concentrations of TP,DTP and PP by67.98%,69.10% and 64.06%,and the cumulative losses of TP,DTP and PP by 78.25%,78.80% and76.52%,respectively,in runoff water from conventional fertilization bamboo plots,and could reduce the concentrations of TP,DTP and PP by 60.68%,64.09% and 49.32%,and the cumulative losses of TP,DTP and PP by 75.55%,78.12% and 67.57%,respectively,in runoff water from reducing fertilization bamboo plots.The dissolved total phosphorus was the main component of phosphorus loss in runoff water from bamboo fields.Rainfall showed significantly positive correlations with surface runoff and the cumulative losses of TP and DTPfrom bamboo fields under different treatments.Therefore,both reducing fertilization measure and shrub buffer could effectively control the losses of different phosphorus forms in runoff water from bamboo fields.更多还原