【摘要】 通过温室静态试验研究了路易斯安娜鸢尾等10种水生观赏植物在中浓度和高浓度富营养化水体环境下的生长状况及对不同富营养化水体TN、TP和COD的去除能力。结果表明,无论中浓度还是高浓度富营养化水体环境下10种水生观赏植物中泽苔草、水芋、水生美人蕉、再力花长势均非常旺盛,而菖蒲、千屈菜和马蔺长势相对最弱,鲜重增加量最低。水芋、水生美人蕉、泽苔草和再力花对TN的去除能力较强,其在高浓度富营养化水体生长30d时对TN的去除率依次为97.85%,97.79%,96.12%,95.74%;千屈菜和菖蒲对TN的去除能力较弱,试验结束时其对高浓度富营养化水体TN去除率为77.43%和63.16%。不同植物对TP的去除能力存在差异,泽苔草对TP去除能力最强,试验结束时其对高浓度富营养水体TP去除率达99.17%,达国家Ⅰ类水质TP标准;其次为再力花和水芋,在高浓度富营养水体生长30d时TP去除率分别为98.65%和98.66%,达国家Ⅱ类水质TP标准;菖蒲、千屈菜和马蔺对TP去除能力最弱。此外,不同植物对降低水体COD也有一定作用,但是水体自净化也能够达到较好的降低COD的效果。从不同植物对水体N、P积累量来看,泽苔草在中、高2种浓度富营养化水体下单株植物净化能力居于10种植物之首,而路易斯安娜鸢尾尽管对N、P的去除能力居中,但其是10种植物中唯一的四季常绿观赏水生花卉植物,一年四季均可修复水体,具有较大的应用潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiments of greenhouse static state were conducted to investigate ten species of ornamental plants,such as Louisiana iris on growth conditions and removal effects on total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)and COD in high and middle eutrophic waters.The results indicated that among ten ornamental plants Caldesia parnassifolia(Bassi ex Linn.)Parl.,Calla palustris L.,Canna hybrid.and Thalia dealbata were strong growing in the high and middle degree eutrophic water.The removal capacity of 10 kinds of ornamental plants for TN,TP and COD showed that Calla palustris L.,Canna glauca L.,Caldesia parnassifolia(Bassi ex Linn.)Parl.and Thalia dealbata had the best TN removal capacity,during the 30 th day experiments period the removal rate of TN was 97.85%,97.79%,96.12% and 95.74% respectively in the high degree eutrophic water.The worst were Lythrum salicaria L.and Acorus calamus L.,the removal rate of TN was 77.43% and 63.16% at the end of experiments period in the high degree eutrophic water.Different plants had different TP removal capacity,and Caldesia parnassifolia(Bassi ex Linn.)Parl.had the best TP removal capacity,the removal rate of TP was 99.17% at the end of experiments period in the high degree eutrophic water,and up to National Surface Water Quality Standard GradeⅠ TP standard.Followed by Thalia dealbata and Calla palustris L.,the removal rate of TP were 98.65%,98.66%and up to National Surface Water Quality Standard GradeⅡ TP standard.The worst of TP removal capacities plants were Acorus calamus L.,Lythrum salicaria L.and Iris lactea Pall.var.chinensis(Fisch.)Koidz.In addition,different plants to reduce water COD also had certain effects,but the self-purification of eutrophicwater could well reduce COD.In the whole,in all the tested plants Caldesia parnassifolia(Bassi ex Linn.)Parl.showed the highest removal efficiency for different eutrophic water.更多还原