Objective To assess the prospect of integrated biphasic silk fibroin scaffold made by annulus fibrosus-nu-cleus pulposus tissue engineering in application as integrated intervertebral disc(IVD). Methods An integrated annulus fibrosus-nucleus pulposus(AF-NP)biphasic scaffold was made by silk fibroin using two different uncomplicated methodswhich were paraffin spheres-leaching method(outer AF phase)and phase separation method(inner NP phase). The scaf-fold was investigated by general observation, stereomicros...