【摘要】 高速列车空心车轴的主要失效方式为疲劳失效,因此疲劳性能是车轴研制和生产中至关重要的考核指标,欧洲EN标准规定了车轴疲劳性能指标和疲劳试验的基本要求。现基于EN标准,研究制定了国内高速空心车轴全尺寸疲劳试验方法,并首次进行了国产车轴的疲劳试验。主要探讨了疲劳试件设计、考核截面位置的确定、以及疲劳载荷计算等问题。同时,分析和研究了EN标准F1轴疲劳性能指标的含义,为F1轴疲劳载荷的确定提供了依据。高速车轴疲劳试验方法的探讨和疲劳试验结果表明,所确定的试验方法及其技术要求是合理可行的。本研究对高速车轴的疲劳试验技术、及制定国内相应试验规范有一定的参考意义和实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main failure mode of hollow axle in high speed trains is fatigue failure.Therefore,the fatigue property of an axle is the crucial evaluated property in its development and manufacture.The fatigue property parameters and basic requirements for the fatigue test on full scale axles have been formulated in the standards in Europe,namely EN standards.Based on EN standards,the method of fatigue test for a hollow axle has been established,with which the fatigue test on developed axles have been carried out for the first time domestically.The problems such as the design of testing axles,the definition of the testing position and the calculation of fatigue loading have been discussed.Meanwhile,the implication of the fatigue property parameter of F1 given in EN standards has been elaborated,which will provide the basis for the fatigue loading calculation of F1.The discussion of the fatigue test method and test results of axles show that the established method for full scale fatigue test and its technical requirements are reasonable and feasible.The study in the present paper will have a certain reference significance and practical value for the technology of the fatigue test as well as the establishment of the related domestic specification about the fatigue test on full scale axles.更多还原