【摘要】 经典油气地质理论在指导渤海湾盆地油气勘探中取得了重要进展,但随着油气勘探的深入,油气藏发现难度越来越大,主要原因是基于逻辑判断和定性分析的传统研究方法越来越不能适应复杂地质条件下油气精细勘探的需要。为此,在渤海湾盆东部海域地层发育与岩相展布、构造特征与形成演化、油气生成与资源评价等油气成藏条件综合研究的基础上,开展油气门限及其控藏规律研究。结果表明:烃源灶(S)、储层相(D)、封盖层(C)、低势区(P)等既能客观描述又能定量表征,这4类功能要素控制着渤海湾盆地东部海域油气藏的形成和分布。低势区主要表现为低位能的构造隆起(P1=M)、低压能的断裂带(P2=F)、低界面能的相对高孔渗岩体(P3=L)。每一类功能要素都表现出确定的控藏边界、范围、概率,97%的油气藏分布在两倍烃源灶排烃半径范围内,96.5%的油气藏分布在颗粒不粗也不细(0.1 mm<D<0.5 mm)的优相地层中,100%的油气藏分布在盖层厚度介于15~600 m的地层之下,90%以上的油气藏分布在古隆起坡脚之上的构造高部位,95%以上的油气藏分布在距断裂带3km范围内,93%的油气藏分布在界面势能指数小于0.5的砂体中。通过综合分析,建立了功能要素组合控藏模式(T-CDPS),并预测出渤海湾盆地东部8套目的层在主要成藏期(T)形成了290个有利成藏目标区,其中构造类油气藏潜在目标区173个,岩性类油气藏潜在目标区94个,潜山类油气藏有利目标区23个。已发现的115个油气田中有108个落入四大功能要素叠合最有利成藏区,回放检验吻合率94%;通过预测成果指导部署探井106口,发现41个含油气构造带,增加三级储量8.6×108t,探井成功率提高20%,反映理论模型可靠有效。更多还原

【Abstract】 Important progresses have been made in hydrocarbon exploration of Bohai Bay Basin under guidance of classic hydrocarbon geologic theory.However,as hydrocarbon exploration deepens,difficulty to discover hydrocarbon reservoirs gradually increases.The main reason is that traditional research methods based on logical judgment and qualitative analysis are increasingly unable to meet requirement of precise hydrocarbon exploration in complex geological conditions.Accordingly,based on a comprehensive study of hydrocarbon reservoir accumulation conditions,such as stratigraphic development,lithofacies distribution,tectonic characteristics,formation and evolution,hydrocarbon generation and resource assessment in eastern Bohai Bay Basin,the research was carried out on hydrocarbon threshold and its reservoir control laws.The results indicate that four functional elements control the formation and distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs in eastern Bohai Bay Basin,including source kitchen(S),depositional facies of reservoirs(D),cap rocks(C)and low-potential areas(P),which can be objectively described and quantitatively characterized.The low-potential areas(P)are mainly shown as tectonic uplifts with low potential energy(P1=M),fault zones with low pressure energy(P2=F)and rocks with relatively high porosity and permeability(P3=L)as well as low interfacial energy.Each functional element presents the determined reservoir-control boundary,range and probability;97% of hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed within area with double hydrocarbon-expulsion radius of source kitchen;96.5% of hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed in the strata with favorable facies inmoderate grains(0.1 mm<D<0.5 mm);100% of hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed beneath the strata with the cap-rock thickness of 15-600 m;more than 90% of hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed in the structural highs above slope toe of paleo-uplift;95% of hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed within areas less than3 km away from fault zones;93% of hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed in the sand bodies with interfacial potential index less than 0.5.According to the comprehensive analysis,the model of functional element(T-CDPS)was established.Meanwhile,it has been predicted that 290 favorable hydrocarbon accumulation areas are formed in eight sets of target layers during the main accumulation periods(T)of eastern Bohai Bay Basin,including 173 tectonic potential target areas of hydrocarbon reservoir,94 lithological potential target areas and 23 buried-hill potential favorable areas.Among 115 discovered oil and gas fields,108 are distributed in the most favorable accumulation areas superimposed by four functional elements with the playback test coincidence rate of 94%.A total of 106 exploration wells were drilled under guidance of prediction results,and 41 hydrocarbon-bearing structural zones were discovered.As a result,the proven,probable and possible reserve and drilling success rate was increased by0.86 billion t and20%respectively,demonstrating that this theoretical model is reliable and effective.更多还原