【摘要】 生物被膜极大提高了微生物本身的耐药性(比浮游态细菌高1000-倍)和对环境的适应能力(温度、压强、氧化剂、以及p H),而另一方面医用材料本身会导致异物入侵造成的机体免疫力下降。因而,生物被膜给医用材料植入带来了更大的感染风险,也推动了医用抑菌材料的不断改进和发展。对医用材料中微生物组成的研究以及生物被膜形成机理的逐步揭示成为了抑菌材料发展的导向。抑菌材料的改性主要通过更换材质和形成涂层等方式来改变材料表面的物化性质,其中涂层法是目前被大量尝试的热点。本文简要介绍了医药材料在安全性方面面临的问题以及生物被膜理论研究的主要成果,并详细讨论了抗生素、抑菌金属离子、氧化剂、群体感应淬灭分子、酶等被尝试用于材料涂层抑制生物被膜形成的原理、实例、以及优劣。最后,本文对未来抗生物被膜类抑菌材料的发展趋势进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biofilms dramatically increase the bacterial antibiotic resistance(1000-fold increased compared with the planktonic cells) and environmental stress resistance(temperature, stress, oxidant, and p H). On the other hand, the medical implant intrusion caused the immunity decreasing. Hence, the biofilms bring a higher infection risk for biomaterial implantation. The bacterial composition and mechanism for biofilm development are critical for future biomaterial development. The modification of medical implants is accomplished by changing the material type or covering a surface coating, which both change the physicochemical properties of the material surface. In this review we listed the mechanism and examples for biofilm inhibition via antibiotics, metal ions, oxides,QS-related molecules, and enzymes. In the end, we also talked about the future trends for biofilm control methods.更多还原