【摘要】 红松是我国长白山阔叶红松林的主要建群种,受森林采伐的影响,种群数量急剧下降,现已被列为国家二级保护植物。通过绘制种群静态生命表、生存函数、存活曲线和径级分布图,研究原始林,15%择伐、40%择伐和皆伐后恢复的天然次生林内,红松种群结构和动态的变化规律。结果表明:(1)采伐干扰对红松种群的波动周期影响不大,15%的择伐强度可以提高红松种群的生存期望。(2)原始林和15%择伐林内红松种群存活曲线均为DeeveyⅡ型,种群处于稳定期;40%择伐林内存活曲线介于DeeveyⅡ型和DeeveyⅢ型之间,种群由稳定期向成熟期过渡;皆伐林内存活曲线为DeeveyⅠ型,种群处在增长期。(3)原始阔叶红松林林、15%择伐林和40%择伐林内,红松种群径级结构均呈稳定的倒J型,且在幼树阶段均存在生长更新的停滞现象;与原始林相比,15%择伐林内幼树比例略有下降;40%择伐林和皆伐迹地,随采伐强度的增加,幼树比例明显增大。(4)方差分析表明,4个种群的生存过程差异较大,采伐干扰对红松种群生存过程的影响达到显著水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pinus koraiensis is the main species present in Korean pine and broad-leaved mixed forests typically found on Changbai Mountain. Tree logging has had a significant impact on this species,resulting in its decline; it is currently listed as a State Protection Species( category ii). Here,we have presented the static life table,survival function table,survival curve,and diameter class distribution for P. koraiensis and analyzed its population structure and dynamics in a primary forest and secondary forests subjected to 15% selective logging,40% selective logging,and clear cutting. The results showed that( 1) harvesting did not significantly influence fluctuations in P. koraiensis populations. In addition,15%selective logging improved the survival prospects of the populations.( 2) In the primary forest and the forest subjected to15% selective logging,population survival followed a Deevey II curve and was stable. In the forest subjected to 40%selective logging,population survival followed a pattern intermediate between the Deevey II and Deevey III curves,and the population was in a transition zone between a stable period and a mature period. In the forest subjected to clear cutting,population survival followed a Deevey I curve,and the trees were in the growth period.( 3) Diameter class distribution forall P. koraiensis populations followed a stable inverted J curve. In all cases,the results showed evidence of growth retardation during the sapling stage. The proportion of young trees was slightly lower in the forest subjected to 15% selective logging than in the primary forest; however,it increased concomitantly with the increase in cutting intensity in the forests subjected to 40% selective logging and clear cutting.( 4) Analysis of variance showed that population survival varied significantly among the forests studied and was significantly influenced by tree logging.更多还原