【摘要】 日本封建武士一向以忠诚著称,但武士的忠诚只是主从之间的私忠,而不是中国儒家提倡的君臣之间所应建立的公忠,其效忠的对象是自己的主君,而不是天皇。但到了近世以后,武士忠诚的对象开始从对主君个人转向主君所代表的集团,尤其是随着儒家"大义名分"论的宣传和民族危机的加深,武士的忠诚观念由多元化转变为一元化,即武士从分别效忠各自的主君向效忠天皇一人转变,在这一过程中,吉田松阴的尊皇武士道思想发挥了重要作用。忠诚一元化理论的完成,为近代日本中央集权国家的建立奠定了思想基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Japanese feudal warriors are famous for being loyal to their masters. However,this fidelity is private loyalty between maters and their subordinates instead of the public loyalty between the monarchs and their ministers,which means that the warriors owed allegiance to their masters but not the emperor. In modern times,the warriors began to show loyalty to the group which represented by their masters. Especially with the publicity of Confucian doctrine of"being responsible for one’s country"and the deepening of national crisis,the concept of warriors’ fidelity unified from diversifying system,namely the warriors began to be loyal to the Mikado. Yoshida Shoin’s thought of respecting the emperor played a significant role in the above transformation. The completion of a unified concept of fidelity laid the ideological foundation for the establishment of a centralized state of modern Japan.更多还原