【摘要】 产业结构的差异导致各行业在获得工业总产值的同时污染物排放存在明显差别,分析其内在关系对于实现经济与环境保护协调发展具有重要意义。本研究利用GPI指数,基于2011年中华人民共和国统计年鉴,选取全国32个行业,运用数理统计等方法,针对废水排放总量、二氧化硫排放量,分别计算了32个行业的GPI废水总量、GPISO2指标值,并进行了对比分析,给出了行业单位工业总产值部分污染物排放强度的排序。研究结果表明,不同行业间GPI废水总量和GPISO2指标值存在明显差异。水污染较重的行业主要集中在造纸及纸制品业、水的生产和加工业等耗水量大的行业;大气污染较重的行业主要集中在电力热力的生产与供应业、非金属矿物制品业等需消耗燃料的行业。运用GPI指数进行分析能够比较全面地衡量行业工业总产值与污染物排放状况之间的关系,为企业实施清洁生产提供依据,督促重污染行业进行技术升级与改造,进而实现工业结构的合理布局。更多还原

【Abstract】 Differences in industrial structure result in the differences among pollutant emissions of various industries while producing Industrial Output Value. It has great significance to analyze the intrinsic relation between them for the coordination development of economic and environment protection. In this paper,the GPIWastewater emissionsand GPISO2 of 32 industries have been calculated on the basis of the total wastewater and sulfur dioxide emissions,using Mathematical Statistics method and the data of 2011 China Statistical Yearbook. The result showed that the GPWastewater emissionsand GPISO2 of different industries were significantly different. The industries with heavier water pollution mainly concentrated in the industries that have large water consumption,such as,paper and paper products industries,water production and processing industries. The industries with heavier air pollution are concentrated in the industries that consume large amount of fuels,such as,electricity and heat production industries,non-metallic mineral products industries. The index of GPI can comprehensively show the relationship between the Industrial Output Value and the environment conditions of various industries,provide the basis for enterprises to implement cleaner production,urge heavily polluting industries to upgrade technology,so as to realize the rational distribution of industrial structure.更多还原