【摘要】 G9a是一种具有经典SET结构域的组蛋白甲基化转移酶,主要负责常染色质区域组蛋白H3中K9和K27位点的甲基化。G9a通过两种不同的机制来调控基因转录:一方面,G9a可以促进基因启动子区域组蛋白或DNA的甲基化,从而抑制基因转录;另一方面,G9a可以作为一种脚手架蛋白来募集转录激活子,从而激活基因转录。近年来的研究表明,G9a调控自噬反应和细胞分化,并在肿瘤发生、胚胎发育、认知及适应性行为和脂肪形成等多种生物过程中起着重要作用。本文对近年来G9a的研究进展进行总结,并就其在多种疾病的预防与治疗中的作用进行展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 G9a, with a classical SET domain, is one of histone methyltransferases. G9 a is mainly responsible for the methylation of H3K9 and H3K27 in euchromatin. G9 a regulates gene transcription via two distinct mechanisms: on one hand, G9 a can induce histone methylation and DNA methylation in the region of gene promoters to suppress gene transcription; on the other hand, G9 a can act as a scaffold protein to recruit transcriptional activators and to promote gene transcription. Recent studies have demonstrated that G9 a regulates autophagy, cell differentiation, and plays essential roles in the many biologic processes, including tumorigenesis, embryo development, cognition, and adipogenesis. In this review, the latest studies on G9 a are summarized, and the possible roles of G9 a in prevention and treatment of several diseases are discussed.更多还原