【摘要】 目的分析2011-2013年惠州市手足口病流行特征,探讨适宜防控措施。方法收集《国家疾病报告信息管理系统》相关的手足口病疫情监测资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析流行特征;采用Real time RT-PCR方法对患者标本进行核酸检测。结果2011-2013年惠州市手足口病年发病率分别为333.35/10万、478.57/10万、519.58/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性病例多于女性,男女性别比为1.61∶1。人群主要集中在5岁以下儿童,占总病例数的90.52%;职业以散居儿童为主,占总病例数的84.72%。发病主高峰集中在4-7月,占总病例数的62.88%,次高峰集中在9-11月。各县区均有发病,以龙门县、惠阳区发病率较高,分别为588.19/10万、514.04/10万。惠州市2011-2013年手足口病重症病例以EV71型居多,阳性率为53.44%,其次是其他肠道病毒及Cox A16型,阳性率分别为23.14%、8.54%。结论惠州市2011-2013年手足口病疫情处于逐年上升趋势,已成为该地区严重的公共卫生问题,应采取综合性防治措施,切实预防和控制手足口病的流行和暴发流行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Huizhou from 2011 to 2013, so as to explore appropriate prevention and control measures. Method Monitoring data associated with HFMD epidemic were collected from "the national disease reporting information management system " and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method; specimens of patients were detected for pathogen by Real time RT-PCR. Results The annual incidence rate of HFMD in Huizhou was 333.35 / 105, 478.57 / 105, 519.58 / 105 respectively from 2011 to 2013.Incidence was statistically significant among different years(P<0.05). The male patients were more than female patients,with the ratio of 1.61 ∶1. The infected crowd was mainly concentrated in children under 5 years old, accounted for90.52%; occupation was mainly scattered children, accounted for 84.72%. The main peak of incidence was concentrated from April to July, accounted for 62.88%, and the second peak was from September to November. The disease occurred in every district; the incidence rates in Longmen country and Huiyang district were higher than those in other districts,accounted for 588.19 / 105 and 514.04 / 105, respectively. The virus casuses severe HFMD in Huizhou from 2011 to 2013 was mainly EV71, with a positive rate of 53.44%, followed by other enteric viruses and Cox A16(23.14% and 8.54%respectively). Conclusion The epidemic of HFMD in Huizhou is in a rising trend year by year from 2011 to 2013; it has become a serious public health problem in the region, so comprehensive control measures should be taken to prevent and control the epidemic and outbreak of HFMD disease.更多还原